Under Scotland's criminal justice system, it is for the police to investigate possible breaches of the criminal law and for the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS) to consider whether prosecutions should be progressed in any given case. Decision-making within this area is for these independent agencies and the Scottish Government is not involved in decision-making in criminal cases. COPFS make decisions in the public interest using the process set out in their Prosecution Code . COPFS works closely with Police Scotland, the Scottish Courts and Tribunal Service and other partners to deliver justice in individual cases.

His Majesty Inspectorate of Constabulary in Scotland provides independent scrutiny of Police Scotland. Similar independent scrutiny of COPFS is provided by His Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prosecution in Scotland .

Where a person considers they may have experienced a miscarriage of justice, they can apply to the independent Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission who have a statutory function to investigate miscarriages of justice with a view to individual cases being considered for return to the Appeal Court for a fresh appeal. This is a special power for criminal cases to be re-opened even after the normal appeals process may have been exhausted.

Where a person does have their conviction overturned in the Appeal Court, the Scottish Government operates two schemes relating to miscarriages of justice - the statutory scheme and the ex-gratia scheme.

The recruitment and employment of teachers and all other support staff in local authority schools are matters for individual councils, as they have the statutory duty for education expenditure and to deliver education. This includes providing a complement of teachers and headteachers which meet the needs of each of their schools and its pupils in light of their local needs and circumstances.

Dependent on the development, there are processes in place that require consideration to be given to the impact on the surrounding water environment during planning stages. Information about the type and location of private water supplies should be considered by local authorities at this point.

It is important that owners of private supplies undertake their own routine monitoring of the quality and quantity of drinking water together with risk assessments. This ensures they understand the factors that are likely to affect their water supplies. Regulated supplies must be sampled once every year by local authorities. At the request of owners, local authorities can arrange for samples to be taken at Exempt supplies

The 81,900 first-charge homeowner mortgages in arrears of 2.5 per cent or more of the outstanding balance at the end of Q2 2023, as reported by UK Finance, represents an increase of 7% from the previous quarter, although it is 3% below the post-covid peak of 84,010 recorded in Q1 2021, and also 33% below the 122,610 recorded in Q2 2014, the earliest figure in this particular time series. UK Finance does not publish a breakdown for Scotland. We continually monitor UK Finance and Financial Conduct Authority data on arrears.

Oversight and regulation of mortgage lenders is a reserved matter, as a result the Scottish Government has no powers or authority to intervene in the operation of the mortgage market. We are doing all that we can with limited powers which is why, both last year and this, we have allocated almost £3 billion to support policies which tackle poverty and to protect people as far as possible during the ongoing cost of living crisis.

Our Cost of Living Support Scotland website provides information on the wide range of advice and support available, and we would also urge people concerned about their finances and mortgage payments to contact their lender as soon as possible.

COPFS uses a live, operational database to manage the processing of reports submitted to Procurators Fiscal by the police and other reporting agencies throughout Scotland. It is designed to meet business needs in the processing of criminal cases, rather than for statistical analysis, and the information within it is structured accordingly.

For the reasons above, we are not able to provide information about the total numbers of crimes reported or the charges brought by prosecutors. The following table sets out the number of accused in criminal reports received marked for court proceedings and the number of those accused receiving a direct measure as the first substantive marking. No action markings are included for comparison.

The Scottish Government fully appreciates the work being undertaken and the progress made through the Saving Scotland’s Red Squirrels project to protect and expand populations. It is particularly encouraging to see the partnership approach that has been undertaken by a number of individuals, communities and landowners who have volunteered their time to make a significant contribution to help protect Scotland’s red squirrels. This project has demonstrated that a mix of voluntary and funded action can provide a sustainable long term future for this much-loved species.

NatureScot remains committed to ensuring the important work undertaken by Saving Scotland’s Red Squirrels continues, and has provided funding for a two-year transition since the Developing Community Action Phase of the project ended in April 2022.

The Scottish Squirrel Group will be reconvened this autumn to begin revising the Scottish Strategy for Red Squirrel Conservation, which was last updated in 2015.

COPFS uses a live, operational database to manage the processing of reports submitted to the Procurator Fiscal by the police and other reporting agencies throughout Scotland. It is designed to meet business needs in the processing of criminal cases, rather than for statistical analysis, and the information within it is structured accordingly.

The COPFS systems do not count “crimes” per se. The information we can provide is based on the total number of accused reported in criminal cases to prosecutors. Any questions relating to the overall level of reported crime should be directed to Police Scotland.

Thereafter, prosecutors do not “bring charges” per se. Where there is sufficient admissible and credible information, as set out in the Prosecution Code, prosecutors will decide what action, if any, is appropriate in the public interest. Prosecutorial action is not limited to court proceedings but includes a range of direct measures, e.g., Warning Letter, Fiscal Fine, referral to the Children’s Reporter etc.

The information provided is therefore based on the first substantive marking decision in relation to the individual accused in reported cases.

The following table sets out information relating to prosecutorial action taken as a percentage of the total number of accused receiving a first substantive marking. The numbers are broken down to show the proportion of accused marked for court proceedings and the proportion of accused receiving a direct measure. No action markings are included for comparison.

The South West Scotland Transport Study Initial Appraisal – Case for Change (SWSTS) was a precursor to the second Strategic Transport Projects Review (STPR2) and included 23 option packages to be appraised further in STPR2.

STPR2 was published in December 2022 and sets out 45 national recommendations for future investment in Scotland’s strategic transport network over the next 20 years.

A number of recommendations identified in the SWSTS for further appraisal within STPR2 have ultimately been recommended. Recommendation 40 ‘Access to Stranraer and ports at Cairnryan’ is specific to the south west and would lead to improving the transport assets and supporting regeneration in the area to benefit the economy and local communities. Recommendation 40 also provides for safety, resilience and reliability improvements on the A75 and A77 strategic road corridors leading to more resilient connections to the NPF4 National Development at Stranraer Gateway and the ports at Cairnryan. Recommendations 18, 23, 44 and 45; ‘Supporting integrated journeys at ferry terminals’, ‘Smart, integrated public transport ticketing’, ‘Rail freight terminals’, and ‘High speed and cross border rail enhancements’, identified in the SWSTS and ultimately recommended in STPR2 will all have particular benefit for the south west.

Rail interventions recommended by the SWSTS including new stations at Beattock, Eastriggs and Thornhill, and new rail lines between Dumfries and Stranraer, between Stranraer and Cairnryan and between the Glasgow South Western Line and the West Coast Main Line were considered as part of the long list of multi-modal options in STPR2. However, none of these three stations (or any rail stations or new lines across the county) have emerged as STPR2 recommendations. Other SWSTS recommendations which were not ultimately recommended by STPR2, including ‘Development of Enhanced Diversionary Routes and Route Planning on the local road network’ and ‘Development of the Timber Transport Network’ were deemed to be more appropriate for progression at the regional or local level.

Funds are available now. I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-20374 on 16 August 2023. All answers to written parliamentary questions are available on the Parliament’s website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) is supported, with local authorities receiving £9.1m through the General Revenue Grant in 2023-24, and Dumfries & Galloway receiving £702k. This funding is not ring fenced, allowing local authorities flexibility in allocating resources as they see fit, including use of digital platforms. In addition, DRT is eligible for the same support as standard bus services through the Network Support Grant and the National Concessionary Travel Scheme.

The Scottish Government is committed to improving connectivity in the south west of Scotland and the second Strategic Transport Projects Review recommends that pilot schemes, involving demand responsive transport and Mobility as a Service, draw on innovative solutions, international best practice, and smart technologies. Digital DRT has been incorporated within the HITRANS, Tactran and SEStran MaaS Investment Fund pilots and, as such, we envisage that MaaS would be able to play a pivotal role in the future operation of digital DRT across Scotland.