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Chamber and committees

Audit Committee, 07 Nov 2007

Meeting date: Wednesday, November 7, 2007


Contents


Section 22 Reports

Item 2 is on section 22 reports. We will consider first "The 2006/07 Audit of the Scottish Arts Council" and then "The 2006/07 Audit of the Western Isles Health Board". I invite the Auditor General for Scotland to present his report.

Mr Robert Black (Auditor General for Scotland):

As, I am sure, members of the committee are aware, I may make reports to accompany the accounts laid in the Scottish Parliament once they have been audited. I have decided that I should make the section 22 report on the Scottish Arts Council's accounts for 2006-07 to draw to the attention of Parliament the auditor's qualified opinion. The qualification relates to the council's failure to comply with the requirement in the "Scottish Public Finance Manual" to obtain the approval of the Scottish Executive for certain payments that were made to its former chief executive when he terminated his employment. The council made such payments following an approach by the chief executive to leave his post on early retirement.

The Scottish Arts Council and Scottish Screen are to be merged to form a single body called creative Scotland. Since February 2007, their boards have been operating as a joint board. The joint board agreed that the early departure of the council's chief executive would help the two organisations work more closely in advance of the merger, so they set up a sub-committee to review the options for terminating his employment. The sub-committee rejected the early retirement proposal because it decided that the sum involved, which was £120,000, was too great. As an alternative, it recommended that the chief executive resign voluntarily in exchange for payments totalling £70,000. That comprises £40,000 in lieu of taxable salary for outstanding notice and an ex gratia payment of £30,000.

Under the "Scottish Public Finance Manual" rules, compensation is payable only in exceptional circumstances to staff who resign from their posts voluntarily. Any such payments must be approved by the Scottish Executive finance officials before any offer is made. The auditor did not find evidence that the Scottish Executive had given approval and concluded that the council had not complied with ministerial guidance in that respect. The auditor has qualified the regulatory opinion, which is the opinion about whether all spending has been in accordance with statute and required guidance.

In its report to me, the council's board auditor also commented on other aspects of governance arrangements relating to the agreement to terminate employment. He noted in particular that the council did not have a remuneration committee and that the important meetings of the joint board and its sub-committee were not minuted, which meant that major decisions were not taken in an open and transparent way.

The auditor has made a number of recommendations to improve the governance arrangements, which the council has accepted. We will be following up progress on those recommendations as part of the on-going audit process. My colleagues and I are happy to answer any questions.

The Convener:

Thank you. The report highlights a couple of different issues. One is that small publicly funded organisations often have insufficient expertise and knowledge to handle significant sums of money. What systems are in place and what guidance does the Scottish Executive provide to such organisations? What are the rules within which they operate? Are such organisations sufficiently knowledgeable? Are the rules applied rigorously? Should ministers revise the relationship with, and the advice and assistance that are provided to, such organisations to allow them to use public funds?

What sanctions pertain when an organisation or individuals in it flagrantly or blatantly use public moneys in a way that is outwith the rules? Whether in the committee or in other roles that I have had, I would be uncomfortable about being asked to nod through something that was wrong—for example, a mistake that had been made, or money having been spent that should not have been—and about taking the view that we should learn from that and move on.

We are talking about public money and a situation that should not have happened. It is clear that the Scottish Arts Council did not follow the rules, but nothing seems to have been done. Are questions being asked about the competence of the management or the board? Should the board of this or any similar organisation be left in place when it has done something wrong? Mr Black said that the Arts Council had no remuneration committee, which is but one aspect of the issue. People should be held to account when such incidents happen. It is not good enough just to say, "Oh—sorry. We shouldn't have done it. Let's move on." Public money is involved and taxpayers have a right to expect that money to be managed properly.

Murdo Fraser (Mid Scotland and Fife) (Con):

I agree with the convener, particularly on the second point. I am interested in the Auditor General's view on sanctions. When a public body has clearly breached the "Scottish Public Finance Manual" rules, what sanction applies, other than an auditor making a report to Audit Scotland and the Auditor General reporting to us?

Mr Black:

We need to distinguish the relationship that local authorities have with the Scottish Government and treat that as a separate case that is not relevant to the circumstances that we are discussing, because that relationship is different from that which all other public bodies have with the Government: all such public bodies are accountable to the Scottish Government—usually to a particular minister. I am not sure whether the language has changed, but normally a sponsor department looks after a public body's interests.

It is clear that the Scottish Arts Council should have advised the relevant tourism, culture and sport group in the Executive and given it the opportunity to comment and to guide the board before the decision was taken. That did not happen. The then Minister for Tourism, Culture and Sport wrote to the chair of the joint board of the Scottish Arts Council and Scottish Screen to draw his attention to the fact that the decision breached the "Scottish Public Finance Manual". The minister said:

"The Auditor General for Scotland has a statutory duty to report whether expenditure and receipts have been incurred or applied in accordance"

with the guidance. She also said that

"should any similar circumstances arise in future, the Board … have a responsibility for"

taking "proper account" of the guidance, which involves consulting the Scottish Executive in advance. The joint board's chair acknowledged that letter, accepted that what had happened was inappropriate and said that it would not arise again, so the issue has been left lying.

The "Scottish Public Finance Manual" is the recognised document to which all public bodies must adhere—that is not optional. The guidance on the issue is clear.

Am I right to say that the minister's letter was sent after the event?

Mr Black:

Yes.

Surely officials in the department must have realised what was happening. They have day-to-day contact with the Scottish Arts Council.

Mr Black:

That would best be put to the Scottish Executive—we have no knowledge of informal verbal contact. On the basis of the information that is available to us, we believe that the Executive was not aware in advance that the board was minded to make that decision.

George Foulkes:

There is a general point to be made, convener. It is not within the competence of the Auditor General—I do not know whether it is within our competence—but everything that we look at seems to be after the event. We are picking up the pieces: we say that taxpayers' money has been badly spent and we discuss whether we should rap people over the knuckles, but how can we prevent such things in advance of their happening?

Surely officials in the appropriate Executive department must know what is happening. They are in regular contact with the non-departmental public body, or they ought to be. Sometimes, these things are reported in the newspapers and people know that they are happening. I have a bee in my bonnet because I think that money is being spent ultra vires at the moment, but nothing can be done about it. After the event, Mr Black can look into the matter and say, "Hey, that shouldn't have been done." By that time, however, it is too late and the taxpayer has had to foot the bill.

The Convener:

I accept the point that George Foulkes makes. In my opening remarks I identified two separate issues. First, what can we do to ensure that bodies such as the Scottish Arts Council have regular systems in place, receive adequate support and understand the guidelines? How can we ensure that the officials in the Administration are adequately training and preparing people to know what is expected of them? That is about trying to prevent something from happening.

Secondly, there is an issue about holding people to account when they use public funds inappropriately. I am uncomfortable with our simply noting that money has been wrongly spent and moving on in the hope that it will not happen again. If nothing ever happens—if no one is ever held to account—why would we expect anyone to worry in the future if anything goes wrong again?

Will we consider under item 7 how we might deal with the issue?

Yes.

Andrew Welsh (Angus) (SNP):

We are discussing matters after the event, although before Audit Scotland existed, none of this was ever known about. One of the strengths of the Scottish Parliament and its investigatory system is that the committee can rely on receiving reports from Audit Scotland. In that way we can, I hope, cure the problems.

There has been a clear failure to follow the "Scottish Public Finance Manual" rules. I seek advice on the consequences of that, legal or otherwise. Obviously, the body must now follow those rules and we must ensure that that happens. However, there was, or is, an organisational problem in that there is no remuneration committee and no minutes of decisions exist. The matter can be dealt with and the body must do something about that. There are also practical issues, which the convener mentioned. What sanctions can the committee encourage to be taken against the organisation so that it mends its ways and conducts its business properly?

The other issue is how we can monitor the problem as a live matter. Surely, that is up to the appropriate Government department—we should seek reassurances that, where monitoring is taking place, it is working. What has happened is clearly unacceptable, so the committee should seek reassurances that things will change.

The Convener:

Andrew Welsh makes a valid point that echoes the point that George Foulkes made. Administration officials have a responsibility to ensure that there is adequate and proper liaison with such outside organisations, so that we are not left to pick up the pieces after the event. It is not good enough just to allocate the money and say that we will bother with the organisations only once something has gone wrong. Everything must be in place to ensure proper rigour.

Jim Hume (South of Scotland) (LD):

I agree with what has been said. I have sat on Scottish Enterprise boards and endured many boring days of good governance. Unfortunately, there is not much of an excuse for what has happened in this case, so we must act strongly.

I have a point about the £70,000, £40,000 of which was an exchange payment in lieu of taxable salary and £30,000 of which was an ex gratia payment. Did both those payments go against SPFM advice, or was it just the ex gratia payment that did so?

Mr Black:

Both payments were unusual because they amounted to payment of compensation to someone who had intimated that he wanted to resign voluntarily. Neither element was an entitlement.

Willie Coffey (Kilmarnock and Loudoun) (SNP):

Further to Jim Hume's question, does the SPFM contain guidance on acceptable levels of remuneration? I know that you said that such guidance did not apply in this case, but are there guidelines about what level of payment is acceptable? It seems that the SAC arrived at two fairly arbitrary and significantly different figures during its proceedings.

Mr Black:

As I think I mentioned, one of the problems is that there are no adequate minutes to refer to, from which one could better understand the reasoning of the people on the board when they took their decision. I hesitate to use the word "arbitrary"; I am sure that they thought about what they were doing, but we are not party to what was in their minds because it has not been recorded. The fact that the payment was purely discretionary and outside normal provisions means that no guidance would have been appropriate.

Andrew Welsh:

Could a case for the defence be that the SAC thought that it was making a saving to the public purse, albeit that it was not following the rules or the proper procedure? It would be interesting to find out what motivation the decision makers had, although they should—regardless of that—have acted within the rules. I hope that we act to receive assurances that the organisation will be run properly. We are talking about the problem of quangos—Scotland is quangoland—many of which appear to operate in their own ways. Before Audit Scotland existed, quangos could do that, but now, thankfully, their actions are picked up in audit. That must be translated into ensuring that the SAC follows proper procedures in its live activities throughout the year.

The Convener:

I understand that, but I suggest that the problem does not lie only with quangos. In Government—I speak as someone who knows what goes on—decisions are often made that are allegedly in the public interest and which should lead to savings, but which turn out to benefit a small group of people who happen to be at the centre of things. That happens in local government, too. There has been publicity recently about the case of one local authority that I am sure is by no means unique in having made financial decisions that were supposed to be about long-term savings, but which happened to benefit a handful of individuals.

The only common feature of such cases is that, in one way or another, the public purse—or, in some cases, pension schemes—ends up picking up a significant part of the tab. There is a bigger issue at stake and it would be wrong to suggest that the fault lies purely with the non-departmental public bodies.

Andrew Welsh:

The committee has come across the issue before, whereby people in an organisation make genuine efforts to deal with a problem, but lack the experience or the back-up to do so. We have found that in further education. In that case, the Scottish Further Education Funding Council was able to give advice.

Is guidance available to people who run organisations such as the SAC and who find themselves in a similar situation, whereby they lack the necessary expertise? Do they have their legal advisers or a system to which they can turn? If we set up such bodies and just leave them to get on with things, in some cases they will simply lack the necessary expertise. If there had been a mechanism through which the SAC could have sought the advice that it needed to help it to follow the rules, that might have pre-empted the problem.

Mr Black:

Advice would undoubtedly be available from the Scottish Executive should such bodies seek to obtain it. Part of the problem in this case is that, because the Scottish Arts Council did not contact the appropriate department in advance, it could not obtain the best possible advice. It would probably be unreasonable to expect all public bodies in Scotland, including the very smallest, to have in-house advice on all issues.

We have Audit Scotland's report. Has the Scottish Arts Council responded to Audit Scotland officially in its own defence, or has it put its hands up and said sorry?

Mr Black:

The Scottish Arts Council has received the final audit report and has had the opportunity to comment on the report that I have made to Parliament. I think the council accepts that the report is accurate. As I think I mentioned earlier, the chair of the council has written to the relevant minister, acknowledging that the matter was not handled properly.

We will return to the matter under a later agenda item.

I ask the Auditor General for a report on the 2006-07 audit of the Western Isles NHS Board.

Mr Black:

As the committee will know, a key financial target for any national health service body is that it should not exceed its revenue resource limit, which is the amount of money that a board is allocated to spend on the day-to-day operations during a financial year. For 2006-07, the auditors reported that only one board failed to meet that target—NHS Western Isles. The auditor's opinion for the board highlighted that failure, although the opinion is not qualified.

The board had an in-year deficit of £880,000 in 2006-07 and a brought-forward deficit of £2.484 million from 2005-06, which resulted in a cumulative deficit of £3.364 million at the end of 2006-07. That sum represents 6 per cent of the board's total revenue resource limit. The board has developed a financial recovery plan, but the final annual audit report contains an expression of concern by the auditor that the targets appeared to be unrealistic and that the planned savings were unlikely to be achieved. At the time of the audit, the board forecasted an in-year deficit for 2007-08—the current year—of £300,000; the current forecast for that is now at £430,000. I understand that the board is continuing to work on a recovery plan.

This is the third year in a row that I have prepared a section 22 report on the Western Isles NHS Board accounts. As well as highlighting the board's failure to meet a financial target, my previous section 22 reports on the board have drawn attention to the auditors' concerns about the board's governance arrangements. In 2006-07, the auditor's report highlighted several serious weaknesses in the board's corporate governance arrangements, including particular concerns over a lapse in budgetary control during the year. I have drawn attention to those in my report to Parliament. An acting chief executive was appointed from 7 September 2007, following the suspension of the previous chief executive. The acting chief executive was therefore not in post during the financial year 2006-07, to which my report relates.

Again, I am happy to attempt to answer any questions, with the assistance of the Audit Scotland team.

The Convener:

Western Isles NHS is clearly a troubled organisation and I am concerned that the organisation shows no sign of making things work, either at present or in the future—it seems to stumble from one crisis to the next. From the report that we have just heard and from what we have read, it seems that there are worries about its deficit increasing even further.

I am not sure that it is sufficient for us just to note the report in the hope that we will not receive a fourth section 22 report next year on top of the three reports that we have already received. Given the contents of the current report, we can anticipate that the same issues will arise again. I am worried about the concerns that the Auditor General has expressed about the governance arrangements and the lapses in budgetary controls. I believe that the issue is sufficiently serious for us to consider further action, including perhaps an inquiry at some point.

The report raises concerns not just about the individuals involved—although, clearly, they have a huge influence—but about the viability of small organisations such as Western Isles NHS Board and whether such organisations are sufficiently big to attract the skilled personnel who are required to manage big budgets and important functions. Questions need to be asked about the viability of such organisations, which are clearly struggling. We also need to look at the quality of their management.

From an audit perspective—I know that some issues might be for the Health and Sport Committee—I want to be assured that public resources are used effectively and managed well. I want to know what measures are now in place to ensure that we will not need to discuss a similar section 22 report next year. I am afraid that what I have heard and read so far does not fill me with any great confidence, so I think that we need to return to the issue.

Stuart McMillan (West of Scotland) (SNP):

A comparison could be drawn between Western Isles NHS Board and the former Argyll and Clyde NHS Board. I accept that the two health boards are different in size but—as the convener will know, being MSP for Paisley South—the former Argyll and Clyde NHS Board got into severe financial difficulties to the extent that it was no longer viable. Most of its functions were then subsumed into what is now Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS Board, although the jury is still out as to whether that arrangement is the best way forward. I certainly do not advocate that the functions of Western Isles NHS Board be subsumed into another greater health board area, but we should look at other examples—Argyll and Clyde is one, but there are surely others—to establish what problems occurred, what lessons were learned and what measures could be implemented to ensure that the situation in Western Isles NHS Board is fixed and sorted out. The governance issue is probably the most important, but many other aspects will also need to be considered.

Whatever solution comes into play, the underlying issue is to ensure that the health services that are available to the population are not severely restricted, cut or hampered to the extent that people are left without sufficient services in their area.

Andrew Welsh:

The issue is all about providing services for the people in the most efficient and effective way—clearly, that has been a problem in this case. As the convener outlined, the board has very serious problems: continuing deficits; being the subject of a section 22 report for a third consecutive year; serious weaknesses in its governance arrangements; a chief executive who has been suspended; unrealistic targets; and savings that are unlikely to be achieved. There is a catalogue of fundamental problems and our response must match its seriousness.

The matter deserves serious investigation by this committee, because it is difficult to see how the board can even begin to cure—never mind address—the problems, given the fundamental organisational and management defects that have been uncovered by the report; for example, there is no corporate management strategy or agreed objectives. Unless that is sorted out, we will be letting down the people whom this board is meant to serve. It is all about services, and if this committee can, by investigating the matter, point the way to a cure or to improving the situation, we will have done our duty. I think we ought to do that.

Thank you. I have no confidence that we will see an improvement if things are left as they are.

George Foulkes:

I do not disagree with what the convener and other members have said, particularly in relation to Western Isles Health Board. However, the general problem is that such boards receive their money from the Scottish Executive. That money is limited—it is finite—and the Scottish Executive requires the boards to do things that are impossible within those cash limits. That is happening, and it will happen in Ayrshire and Arran—that board has been told to keep the accident and emergency unit open, but also to go ahead with the alternative plans that it was going to implement if the unit was closed. It is getting no extra money—it is being told to do all that within the same budget. We must consider the Scottish Executive's responsibility to make the finances available to health boards so that they can carry out the requirements that central Government—the Scottish Government—imposes on them. That is a cautionary note.

The Convener:

That is an important point, and I hope that it would form part of any investigation or inquiry that we undertake. Do health boards have sufficient resources; are they using them properly; and what are the reasons for the failures? Notwithstanding your more general point, there are issues with the board around management structures and governance. However, your point will be an important part of any further consideration.

Jim Hume:

When a company gets into trouble, its deficit tends to accumulate through finance charges. It would be interesting to know how much of the deficit in this case is due to finance charges that were imposed because the board was in deficit the year before. Is this a situation in which the board is in trouble, which has led it into a downward spiral that will affect services and be difficult to get out of? Does the auditor know?

Mr Black:

I doubt that we have information on finance charges to hand, but the straightforward answer is that that would have had only a marginal impact on the situation. Part of the problem in the Western Isles has undoubtedly been the board's inability to put together a financial recovery plan year on year. In 2006-07, the year in question, it also had a serious problem with end-year budget reporting around September, when it found that it was £1.6 million out. That is not a stable position for a board to be in, and that is an issue.

To help the committee's understanding, I remind members that Western Isles is the only board in Scotland that is running a deficit this year. In previous years, I have prepared overview reports on the health service and quite a number of boards have been under severe financial pressures. We have attempted, in our overview reports, to provide the Parliament with an analysis of the true underlying cost of running services, and then we have compared that with what we were seeing in the accounts. A lot of progress has been made in getting the books to balance throughout Scotland. One board seems to have particular difficulty for whatever reason at this point in time.

When you say that it is the only board running a deficit, do you mean that it is the only one running a current deficit or the only one showing any historical deficit?

Mr Black:

That is a good question. I think that Barbara Hurst can help on that.

Barbara Hurst (Audit Scotland):

It is the only board that has a current deficit. A number of boards might have an underlying deficit, but they are coping with it. The issue is that the board is having problems coping with its underlying deficit.

That is fine. That is what I suspected.

Mr Black:

Another board that comes to mind is NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. It is managing through a recovery process as a result of the deficit, which, as Mr McMillan said, it inherited from the former NHS Argyll and Clyde.

The Convener:

I want to follow up the point that George Foulkes made. When you conduct your investigations into some of the problems with financial control, are you able—as part of your remit and with the information that is provided to you—to determine whether part of the problem is that which was identified earlier, which is that there is required expenditure that cannot be met by the allocation of budgets? Alternatively, do you simply consider the budget that is allocated and ask how boards manage within it?

Mr Black:

In the annual audit, we look at the management of the budget within the resource allocation. That is what we have done in this case. When we undertake wider-ranging overviews of the health service, we attempt to provide information on the underlying cost pressures on the basis of the information that is available to us. Previous Audit Committees took a lot of evidence from the Health Department at the time on such matters.

Is enough information available about the Western Isles Health Board for you to say whether such pressures might be a contributory factor?

Mr Black:

The audit report says that the pressures on Western Isles Health Board are very much what one would expect to see in a health board. They include agenda for change, the costs of the consultant contract and the general medical services contract. They are similar to pressures felt elsewhere. Given the relative remoteness and size of the Western Isles, the board has experienced difficulty for a long time in recruiting and retaining suitably qualified professionals on both the clinical side and the management side. However, we have received no indication that there are special circumstances over and above that of which you would need to be aware.

I will take a question from Willie Coffey, after which I will close off this item.

Willie Coffey:

The most worrying comment in the report is in paragraph 7, which states that the appointment of an acting chief executive

"is likely to put at risk the momentum of any improvement."

Will you expand on that? Is there any assurance that whatever measures the interim team have put in place are proving effective in meeting the targets that we want to achieve?

Mr Black:

The obvious point to make is that we are talking about a moving picture; the situation will change week by week. However, the auditor has advised that the projected deficit is likely to be higher than it was at the start of the year. Given that the board has had three chairs and three chief executives since the middle of 2006, it would be reasonable to conclude that the board is at risk. Such turnover does not make for strong leadership. There can be little doubt that, to effect a recovery in a challenging situation, the board needs strong, consistent and well-informed leadership.

Is your question one that cannot wait until we deal with item 7, Andrew?

Andrew Welsh:

I just want to follow up on the important point that George Foulkes made. There is a difference between adequacy of finance—in other words, whether the finances that are allocated are sufficient for the task for which they are required—and how resources are used. A board could be adequately financed but if there is overstatement of budgets and a lack of effective internal controls, financial management expertise and financial focus, that is more about how the resources are not being used properly. Adequate finance comes under the Finance Committee's remit. However, we cannot ask people to make bricks without straw and an element of audit is to ensure that the resources are adequate. The more important thing is whether there is a corporate management strategy and agreed objectives, and how boards use the resources that they have. That is part of the work of Audit Scotland. If we can help cure the management problems, George Foulkes's point about whether the overall resources are adequate can be judged on its merits. There are management problems that have to be sorted out.

Thank you. We will return to the matter under item 7. I thank the Auditor General for his report.