Case study 3: Terraced house, 1964-1980 2 • Floor area: 85m • No major renovations (assume cavity wall with no insulation) • Energy needed for heating: 96 kWh/m2*year (8,160 kWh/year) • Comparable to archetype #17 from the Scottish Government report by Element Energy Cost Breakdown: Heating CapEx OpEx Levelized Cost Carbon System (£) (£/yr) [2020] (£/MWh) [2020] Emissions (kgCO2e/yr) [2020] Oil 3,950 863 92 4,317 Coal 3,375 769 81 6,034 LPG Boiler 1,500 1,175 99 3,060 BioLPG 1,500 1,386 116 695 Boiler ASHP 7,930 1,195 137 957 ASHP (+R) * 8,275 685 123 548 Hybrid 9,050 1,150 147 904 Hybrid (+R) * 9,675 725 145 545 Biomass 9,534 956 124 282 Direct 1,000 2,305 182 1,845 Electric *Archetype renovations: loft insulation (£1,900), cavity wall insulation (£505) – total capital (£2,405).