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Chamber and committees

Equal Opportunities Committee, 20 Mar 2007

Meeting date: Tuesday, March 20, 2007


Contents


Age Strategy

Agenda item 3 is the Scottish Executive's strategy for an aging population. The minister has stayed with us for this item—I invite her to make opening remarks before we ask questions.

Rhona Brankin:

Scotland's changing demography is an undeniable fact. It is projected that, by 2031, the number of people aged over 50 will have risen by 28 per cent and that the number of people aged over 75 will have increased by 75 per cent.

As members are aware, 2007 has been identified by the European Commission as the European year of equal opportunities for all. That provides us with a fresh focus for our current work to promote diversity and equal opportunities. The issue of Scotland's aging population is a vital component of the equality challenge that faces us.

The recent document "All Our Futures: Planning for a Scotland with an Ageing Population" sets out the Scottish Executive's vision for the future and outlines the value of, and benefits to be gained from, an aging population. Age discrimination has been identified as an embedded vice in our society: tackling ageism at its core will provide the basis on which an effective strategy can be built in order to remove the barriers that are faced by older people.

Lord Sutherland, who headed the board that developed the Scotland's Futures Forum report "Growing older and wiser together", has pointed out the need to highlight the positive side of growing older and to give older people the opportunity to flourish and contribute to the wider community. The vision that is set out in "All Our Futures" is the result of one of the most extensive evidence-gathering processes that the Scottish Executive has undertaken. Our consultation on age and experience ran from March to June 2006. More than 1,300 responses were received and they went on to inform the strategy. The consultation was supported by other in-depth evidence gathering, as well as by an external advisory group.

"All Our Futures" has a clear message: we must challenge all sectors to tackle ageism, to build stronger links between the generations and to maximise the contribution that older people make to society. The document outlines how £27 million of allocated funding will be used to promote that vision. Included in it are plans to establish a national forum on aging and a new Scottish centre for intergenerational practice. A campaign to combat ageism and to promote positive images of older people will be undertaken and additional funding will be allocated to support volunteering. The work of those initiatives and others will encompass the vision that is set out in the strategy, and will promote and actively engage in activities to make the vision a reality. The national stakeholder event that is planned for the end of 2007 will serve as an opportunity to assess the progress that has been made.

The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 came into force in October 2006 and we are confident that various initiatives are already under way in Scotland to promote understanding of the implications of the regulations. Commendable work is being done by groups such as Equality Forward, which will stage an event in May to address age equality in universities and colleges, and Age Concern Scotland, which is working to raise awareness among employers, employees, learners and learning providers. In addition, the work that the committee did last year in its taking stock exercise on age is echoed in many of the themes and recommendations in "All Our Futures".

Work to respond to our aging population must be supported and continued. It is only by taking on board the thinking of the committee, Scotland's Futures Forum and the Executive's document "All Our Futures" that we may begin to challenge negative views of old age and move forward with an effective and co-ordinated strategy for the future.

The Convener:

Thank you, minister. I welcome Fiona Hird from the Scottish Executive's equality unit. Yvonne Strachan remains with us.

During the development of the strategy, the Executive used a variety of consultation methods to engage with people, including policy briefings, focus groups and an interactive website. How confident are you that the comments that you received are reflected in the strategy?

Rhona Brankin:

We took a number of steps to ensure meaningful engagement. We wanted to ensure that the consultation was clear and accessible. We asked a small number of open questions and we commissioned work to target people over 50 in the black and ethnic minority communities. All those steps combined to give a genuinely impressive total of more than 1,300 responses, many of which came from individuals and small organisations.

The consultation was supplemented by other evidence-gathering work. There was a telephone survey, and focus groups and seminars were organised by key external stakeholders, which also provided policy briefings. You will also be aware that we were advised by an external advisory group.

The Convener:

In a sense, you have answered the question that I was going to ask next, about harder-to-reach people, but I am not sure that you answered my first question. How confident are you that the views of all the people from whom you took evidence are reflected in the strategy?

Rhona Brankin:

I am confident that their views are reflected in the strategy. Later, I will give some detail on the forthcoming national forum on aging, which we will set up to assist with implementation of the strategy. Clearly, the composition of that group will reflect the breadth of the issues that we need to take forward.

Fiona Hird (Scottish Executive Development Department):

The themes that arose from the consultation include the importance of links between the generations, the strongly expressed feeling that people should not be written off because of their age, and the importance of services that listen to older people and respond to their needs. Those themes fed through clearly to the six priority themes of the strategy.

John Swinburne:

Does the minister think that it was remiss to have a consultation on elderly people without approaching the only elected member in the UK who represents older people, or his party, for a contribution? I add that the consultation was before Rhona Brankin's time as Minister for Communities.

I think that the question was asked of the previous Minister for Communities, but the minister can answer it if she feels able to do so.

I cannot answer for previous ministers, but a member of the Scottish Pensioners Forum was involved in the advisory group. I am sure that Mr Swinburne made an effective contribution to the consultation.

The Scottish Pensioners Forum receives funding from the Government on the condition that the forum is not political. That is a one-sided approach if the Executive then seeks opinions on political action that it may carry out.

I do not agree with that.

It is clear that the Scottish Pensioners Forum was legitimately represented.

Do you agree that all elected members represent older people?

My answer to that is—

John, I am convening the meeting—

The member asked a question.

I asked the minister.

I agree with Marilyn Livingstone's view. I hope that John Swinburne contributed to the consultation, just as any MSP was able to do.

What is the strategy's added value, given the other policy initiatives that aim to improve older people's lives?

Rhona Brankin:

It is true to say that our document reflects the consensus view on our changing demography. A lot has been written about what is happening to our population and the changes that are occurring. The strategy echoes the findings of the committee's taking stock exercise and the Scotland's Futures Forum report "Growing older and wiser together". It offers us an opportunity to rethink our attitudes and to enhance the role of older people in society, but the key difference is that the strategy puts them in the context of current and future Scottish Executive policy. It is the role of Government to do that.

In the strategy, we set out clear commitments for future action. The strategy will not sit on the shelf. It is a manifesto for change that will drive forward our policies and actions in future years.

The strategy sets out six priorities for strategic action. Why were they chosen?

Rhona Brankin:

They were, in effect, chosen because they emerged quickly from our consultation. They were reinforced by the additional evidence-gathering process and were endorsed by our external advisory group. I was not involved at that time, so Fiona Hird may want to say a bit more.

Fiona Hird:

The priorities emerged as clear themes throughout and there was consensus about their importance.

Mr McGrigor:

Under point 1 of the action plan, you say:

"Scottish Enterprise and Highlands and Islands Enterprise will pilot Personal Enterprise Shows with specific emphasis on people aged over 50 and consider how they might promote entrepreneurial activity among the over 50s."

Can you be a bit more specific about what form the personal enterprise shows will take?

Rhona Brankin:

I cannot give you a huge amount of detail on them, but I can get specific information from Scottish Enterprise. The personal enterprise shows are intended to support older people who wish to set up in business. In looking at the work, I came across a surprising statistic, which is that quite a lot of over 50s are setting up in business. In fact, more over 50s than those aged 20 to 25 are setting up in business. We think that that older age group is potentially a fertile area for skills, expertise and knowledge. Scottish Enterprise has committed to working with the older age group to encourage people to set up businesses.

The strategy contains a 47 point action plan to support the six strategic priorities. Over what timescale will the action plan be implemented?

Rhona Brankin:

Where possible, we have made a commitment on timing. For example, we said that we will hold a national stakeholder event at the end of 2007 and will make regular reports to Parliament, starting in 2008. Once the national forum on aging is in place, I expect it to set the pace. It is important that the national forum be involved in such thinking.

The strategy and action plan is detailed and announces several new initiatives. What funding has the Scottish Executive put in place to implement the strategy and action plan?

Rhona Brankin:

As you will know, there is on-going funding. Between 2003-04 and 2007-08, Scottish Executive funding for the 60-plus age group increased by 5 per cent per annum in real terms and now stands at £5.2 billion. We have committed funding to support the "All Our Futures" strategy and we will deliver on the commitments. Obviously, the future funding commitment of £27 million for 2007-08 will be spent in that financial year. Further spending will need to be agreed through the spending review process.

The committee notes that the Scottish Executive will establish a national forum on aging. What will the organisation's remit be and how will its membership be appointed?

Rhona Brankin:

It is intended that the organisation will be broadly based and that it will act as a champion for the "All Our Futures" strategy. It will raise awareness and provide advice and assistance to all sectors in developing responses to the strategy. I expect the forum to be challenging and proactive—its role and remit will, in liaison with stakeholders, be decided with that in mind. We have allocated £100,000 for the forum's first year of work. However, I would welcome the committee's views on the proposal to set up a national forum on aging.

Thank you for that answer. I am sure that our successor committee will be happy to work with the Executive on the forum.

I am not entirely clear about how people would be appointed to the forum. Would the Executive decide who to appoint? Would you call for applications? How, exactly, would the process work?

Rhona Brankin:

We are still relatively open on the matter and we have not made any final decisions, but we are clear that membership should be broadly based and that the body should act as a champion for the strategy that we have developed in "All Our Futures".

I think that it would work better if it did not look like the membership had simply been decided on and appointed by the Executive.

That point is well made.

The strategy mentions regular reports to Parliament from 2008. What are those reports likely to include and how regular will they be?

I see much value in the minister who has responsibility for communities reporting to Parliament every year or every second year. I would be happy to hear the committee's views on that.

Marilyn Livingstone:

The committee notes that the Scottish Executive will work with others to establish the Scottish centre for intergenerational practice. What further information can you provide to the committee on how that body will be established and the functions that it will carry out?

Rhona Brankin:

In the evidence-gathering process, people consistently called for progress to be made on intergenerational work. The centre for intergenerational practice will be set up with £200,000, in the first year, to help to develop intergenerational work across Scotland. Specifically, it will promote best practice and offer support to individuals, organisations, businesses and others who want to get involved in intergenerational work. It will work with partners across Scotland and, importantly, with the national forum on aging and it will draw on the expertise of the United Kingdom centre for intergenerational practice to develop measures of success for intergenerational work. Government will work with the new centre to support further mentoring schemes for young adults and older people in order to facilitate sharing of experiences and learning of skills.

From meetings that I have had, I know that a wide range of people is interested in intergenerational work in Scotland, so we will work with them to take forward the proposals. The committee will be aware of work that is being done by community service volunteers in relation to the retired and senior volunteer programme and in schools. A lot of interesting work is happening. We are confident that the centre will have a lot of work to do.

Marilyn Livingstone:

One of the criticisms of the strategy could be that it is overly dependent on the role of older people as volunteers. The committee worries that such a strong emphasis on volunteering might not be appropriate. How will you ensure that, even though the strategy will rely on older people volunteering, it will not rely totally on older people as volunteers?

Rhona Brankin:

The strategy recognises that people need to have flexibility about the choices that they make. For example, people who want to do part-time work should be offered a range of choices. We will be working with businesses to examine how that agenda can be taken forward.

Increasingly, as people get older and remain healthy longer, many more people want to make a contribution to society and they should be supported in doing so. It is not a question of forcing anyone to do anything.

The strategy outlines a new campaign to combat ageism and to promote more positive images of old people. Can you give us an insight into how that will be developed?

Rhona Brankin:

That relates to something that came through strongly when we were developing the strategy. There was a strong feeling that ageism is an unacceptable form of intolerance.

We have committed £750,000 for a campaign to combat ageism and to promote more positive images of older people. I do not know whether the committee is aware of the see me campaign on mental health. We think that it has been an impressive campaign—it is the kind of thing that we will be looking at. We need to ensure that we reduce intolerance and begin to break down attitudinal barriers.

John Swinburne:

I appreciate your sincerity on ageism and everything that you have said, which you did so lucidly. As an older person, can I give you a bit of advice? Could you get your own house in order? Parliament is agist—MSPs who are 75 or over do not enjoy the same pension facilities as younger MSPs.

That is not really an issue for the minister.

But it is ageism. I am sorry, convener—we are talking about ageism, and that is an agist policy. I am asking the minister to take it up with the relevant minister.

That is not an issue for the minister.

Indeed, it is an issue for the Presiding Officer. However, John Swinburne might be interested in hearing about what we have been doing recently in the Executive.

Fiona Hird:

With effect from October last year, the Scottish Executive has had a no-retirement-age policy for civil servants below senior civil service level. Previously, the retirement age was 60, and people could stay on until 65 on a year-to-year basis with no absolute right. However, that has changed since last October and people can now work for as long as they wish to—the choice is theirs.

The policy is intended to give flexibility to older people.

Can I also point out that the pensions are not carried on after the age of 75? Be warned: after the election, there will be older people than me in here. There are some very good older candidates.

"Be warned"? I do not know about that—there are quite a lot of us already.

Absolutely.

Elaine Smith:

I am delighted to support the strategy, not least because Councillor Charles Gray—one of my constituents—is the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities spokesperson on older people and was on the external advisory committee. We have had discussion about that.

I am keen to hear a wee bit more about the detail. In particular, the strategy points to a vision with 12 outcomes against which we will measure its success. The outcomes look excellent, but how realistic do you consider them to be and over what timescale do you think that they will be achieved? For example, one outcome is:

"Vulnerable older people are protected, safe, and are free from fear."

I am sure that we all share that aspiration, but are you confident that it will be achieved and what timescale would you put on it?

Rhona Brankin:

The outcomes were developed through working closely with the external advisory group, and they represent an aspiration for Scotland in the future. If we do not set ourselves challenging targets, it is harder to make meaningful progress, and I certainly expect to be held to account for progress against those outcomes by Parliament and the national forum on aging.

The vision for Scotland in the 12 outcomes is aspirational, and we want it to be achieved in the next 20 years. We thought that it was important to be visionary and have outcomes that would set a challenge for us—we know that they are challenging.

That is right. We all want to see those outcomes, but it is important to have some means of measuring whether progress is being made on them. How and when would you take stock of them?

Fiona Hird:

We recognise that these are high-level outcomes for the long term and that they represent where we ideally want to be. However, we think that it is important for us to be able to measure progress along the way. We believe that all the outcomes are susceptible to the development of appropriate indicators, which we will work on—probably with the national forum—over the next few months so that we can measure progress in terms of what the strategy means for people's lives.

That will be helpful. We can all sign up to these aspirational outcomes, but we will want to know how they will be delivered in practice.

Many different people will be involved in delivering the outcomes, so the process will be quite complex.

The outcomes rely on the involvement of other sectors, such as the voluntary sector and business. Are you confident that they will be able to carry out the work that you expect of them to make the strategy a reality?

Rhona Brankin:

Yes. There is no doubt that there is a lot of work to be done with a range of organisations. We have said clearly that we intend to work with employers in both the private and public sectors, as well as with the self-employed and volunteers.

In looking at the role of employers, we have committed to certain actions. For example, we need to act as an exemplar employer and promote best practice in flexible employment. We have mentioned the Executive's no-retirement-age policy. We will work through equality matters in business with Scottish Enterprise and with small and medium-sized enterprises to promote the business benefits of employing and retaining older workers. Enterprise networks will need to monitor older people's interest in setting up new businesses—we have touched on that—and develop new marketing approaches that are aimed at older people. We have touched on the role of personal enterprise shows.

In addition, in partnership with the business sector and our enterprise agencies and networks, we can help to support and grow what is called—although I am not sure that I like the name—the silver economy. We recognise that more needs to be done, and we will have discussions with business organisations as well as with individual businesses about the role that they can play.

Elaine Smith:

That is important. I presume that the ways in which employers in the voluntary sector and the business sector are helping to deliver the outcomes will be included in the monitoring that Fiona Hird talked about.

People should be given the opportunity to continue working past retirement age, although it should not be compulsory. Constituents have said to me that they do not welcome being made to retire at a certain age. Teachers, for instance, can continue to do supply teaching whereas someone who works in an office may have to retire. It is important to allow some flexibility and choice.

The Convener:

How will departments work together on the issues? Earlier, in our disability inquiry, we took evidence on other issues around mainstreaming that we have raised with the Executive, and we have taken evidence on mainstreaming from your department. How will other departments, such as the Enterprise, Transport and Lifelong Learning Department, fulfil their responsibilities under the strategy?

Fiona Hird:

The strategy has Cabinet agreement, and all ministers are committed to the principles that are involved. We will take steps internally, at official level in the Executive, to ensure that the actions in the strategy are progressed and that mechanisms are set up accordingly.

Rhona Brankin:

Individual ministers and officials were involved in drawing up the strategy—clearly, we could not draw it up ourselves. We have worked with different departments to draw together the strategy, so it will have to be implemented across all departments. Individual ministers will be responsible for ensuring that the proposed actions and work are carried out.

John Swinburne:

You talked about older people starting up in business. One of the main reasons for their doing so is the obvious fact that, in the five years prior to retirement, 40 per cent of men and women find themselves unemployed. The ones with a bit of initiative go and do something about it.

Relative to employment after retirement age, will there be any legislation to give the strategy some muscle? When a nurse reaches 60 but does not want to retire, she is allowed to work on. That is now allowed but, prior to Andy Kerr's intervention, nurses had to retire at 60. Do you think that the new practice will spread over industry?

Rhona Brankin:

Legislation in that area is reserved to Westminster, but the work that is being done with employers and employers' organisations should help to develop the kind of flexible approach that companies such as B&Q and Marks and Spencer are developing. We think that that work is important.

Older people sometimes set up businesses for the reason that John Swinburne gave, but they might also do so because they have some savings, are keeping well and do not want to retire at the retirement age. They may have a lot of energy and be keen to do something. There are a variety of reasons why people aged over 50 make effective entrepreneurs. We think that there is scope to support them in doing that, which will benefit the Scottish economy as well.

The Convener:

A major issue for many older people is pensions and benefits. During our evidence session with the previous Minister for Communities, he undertook to send all the comments that were received on reserved matters to the Westminster Government. How has that been achieved?

Rhona Brankin:

Yes, I am conscious of that. The UK Government published its strategy document, "Opportunity Age", in 2005. Indeed, we took that publication into account in drawing up our strategy. Where reserved issues have featured in our consultation process, we have passed on the relevant information to the UK Government. The UK Pensions Bill will ensure equality between men and women.

It would, however, be a mistake to downplay the importance of the issues that are covered by the Scottish Parliament. I am sure that the committee does not want to do that. There are hugely important issues that are devolved to the Parliament, some of which specifically concern older people, and there is a lot of work that we need to do on reserved issues under the strategy. Of course, we will continue to work with the UK Government where we can add value—for example, through our work on benefits uptake and the pensioners guide that was published by the Department for Work and Pensions, which is very important. However, we will continue to develop our own initiatives, such as free central heating—which, importantly, includes a free benefits check.

There is much that we can do to supplement some of the Westminster Parliament's work, but a lot of important areas that we need to tackle are devolved.

How is the Scottish Executive publicising the strategy to ensure that people of all ages know about it?

Rhona Brankin:

We agree that that is important. We have a proactive media strategy, through which we are targeting the national media and the more specialised press. At the moment, we are focusing on publicising the launch of the strategy, but we will seek to engage specific interest groups to gain their commitment to the delivery of key outcomes. Many people will be involved in the delivery of the strategy. For example, we will ensure that pensioners groups get a version of the document and we will produce a short newsletter for issue to older people and their organisations. We have a job to do in disseminating information on the strategy.

In what formats and languages will you make the strategy available and how will you publicise the existence of that provision?

Rhona Brankin:

A range of publications is available. In the first instance, they are available at www.scotland.gov.uk/experience, but the key documents are also available in hard copy and in an accessible format. We are happy to provide documents in alternative formats, if requested. As I said, we will provide a newsletter specifically for older people and their organisations.

Fiona Hird:

During the consultation phase, we issued "Age and Experience: Consultation on the Strategy for a Scotland with an Ageing Population" on request in Braille and Gaelic. For our work with black and minority ethnic groups, the document was not issued in individual community languages; instead, host-facilitated discussions took place with members of various groups, who then worked on their responses. We felt that that approach was more profitable. We will take the same open approach to the dissemination of the strategy, which will be done through issuing information in paper forms and through discussion with interested groups.

We are interested in having discussions with the groups that were involved in the consultation about how best to get the information out there.

John Swinburne informed me earlier that he would like to make a short statement and then ask the minister several questions.

John Swinburne:

Thank you, convener. My statement will be even shorter than I thought it would be.

The strategy is strong on volunteering, because that involves people doing good work at no cost to the state. Because there are insufficient nursery and pre-school places, some parents have to leave children with their grandparents to go out to work. My contention is that the state should pay those grandparents at least the same rate as entry-level nursery staff receive. The same argument applies to kinship carers, although I know that that issue is being addressed. However, when children are taken from families who are affected by drugs, generally speaking, the social workers' first port of call is the grandparents, if they are deemed to be suitable. Children are often placed with their grandparents, but no support is provided for a considerable time. That is wrong, because the grandparents are in effect fostering those children, so they should be provided with the wherewithal to give the children the amenities, food, clothing and everything else that they require.

Way back in 2003, when Jack McConnell brought out "Building a Better Scotland", I said to him that only 79 words in that whole 52-page document related to senior citizens and pensioners. I forecasted that, before the next election, he would bring out 79 chapters on the issue, somewhere or other. He has exceeded my expectation, because he has produced 150 pages of promises, and very good promises they are, too. Unfortunately, the Executive does not have the teeth to implement them fully and there is not enough stress on gender inequality. Everyone meekly accepts that there is no comparison between a woman's pension and a man's pension, even after means testing is taken into account. I have yet to meet the woman who is not the equal of a man. The gender inequality in pensions must be addressed urgently.

Do you have any questions, or are you finished?

I am happy at that.

Minister, do you want to respond to any of those comments?

Rhona Brankin:

As I said, the UK Government is carrying out an important piece of work on equality in pensions. I am sure that John Swinburne welcomes the UK Government's commitment to tackling that issue.

I am glad that Mr Swinburne recognises the First Minister's commitment to working with older people, to ensuring that their quality of life is as good as it should be and to delivering the vision that we have set out in "All Our Futures".

As there are no more questions, I thank the minister, Yvonne Strachan and Fiona Hird for their evidence.

I put on the record our congratulations to the minister on becoming a granny.

Meeting suspended.

On resuming—