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Chamber and committees

Public Petitions Committee

Meeting date: Friday, March 1, 2013


Contents


Current Petition


Mosquito Devices (PE1367)

The Convener

Agenda item 2 is consideration of PE1367, by Andrew Deans, on behalf of the Scottish Youth Parliament, on banning Mosquito devices. Members have a note and further submissions. We have worked hard on the petition and Andrew Deans has been before us previously. This appalling device has had a high profile. I ask Andrew Deans to kick off and to give us a quick summary of the situation for members who are perhaps not familiar with the issue.

Andrew Deans (Scottish Youth Parliament)

I begin by saying how pleased I am that more petitions are coming from the Scottish Youth Parliament. If the committee puts as much effort into the new ones as it has into this petition, we will all be very grateful.

I am grateful to the committee for agreeing, at its meeting on 19 February, to defer consideration of the petition to allow us to collate extra evidence. The reason why I am so keen to get the Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs back to look at the evidence, as I mentioned in correspondence, is that, although I accept that the minister is entitled to decide not to take action, I feel that the reasons that she gave for doing so when she addressed the committee did not stand up to scrutiny and would not stand up to a quick search of the evidence.

I have picked out three reasons that she gave. The first was a perceived lack of interest among young people. She said that no young people in her constituency had been in touch with her about the issue. One might suspect that the fact that a national organisation that democratically represents young people was sponsoring the petition and that it was part of our manifesto, which was the result of extensive consultation with young people, would have been enough. I am looking over at my colleague who represents the same constituency as Roseanna Cunningham and who I believe was quite upset that the implication was made that young people in that constituency were not interested.

11:45

I am not sure whether the minister has already received correspondence or whether there is correspondence on its way, but I am glad to tell the committee that that situation will be addressed. In addition, we launched an online survey on Wednesday this week to get more information from young people. That might also include some information on where these devices are.

Secondly, there was an assertion that the minister did not believe that the Mosquito device was in contravention of the European convention on human rights. Although I understand that she has a legal background, she admitted that that assertion was not based on any specific legal advice that she had sought. Since then, we have looked at that particular issue and we have found some fairly good evidence based on legal advice, which suggests that the Mosquito device does contravene a number of articles of the ECHR.

Thirdly, there is the lack of evidence about the number of devices. We are investigating how many devices there are, although as I am sure the committee will appreciate, that is a difficult or impossible task given that they are not regulated in any way. I appreciate the suggestion—which I think was made by Angus MacDonald—of asking the manufacturer. I do not know whether we have received an answer from them yet. It would be helpful if the manufacturer was able to give us an idea of how many devices are out there.

Jackson Carlaw asked why we had not already collated information about the number of devices, given that we are two-and-a-half years down the line. As Adam Ingram touched on, the answer is that the number of devices never formed part of our argument. Our argument is not that it is a problem that there are quite a few of these devices. Our argument is that it is a problem that these devices are not illegal. Mr Ingram described our argument as principle over practice. The problem for us is the very idea that these devices are still legal and that any private individual in Scotland can go ahead and buy one.

I will pre-empt a question from Angus MacDonald on whether the devices have been withdrawn in any other European country. The answer is no, as far as I know, although a resolution was passed by the Belgian Parliament in June 2008, which asked the Government to take measures to prohibit the use of the Mosquito device on Belgian soil. As far as I can tell, nothing came of that.

There was one tribunal in France that awarded €2,000 in compensation to people who lived near a private individual who had deployed a Mosquito device. That was the only other thing that I could find. As far as I know, there have been no bans, although I suspect if there was to be a problem in any country it is more likely to be here, given that the manufacturer is in Wales. We have an opportunity to lead the way on that.

I am happy to answer any questions.

The Convener

Thank you again for your comprehensive report to the committee. We have done a bit of research ourselves since we last met. The clerk tells me that around 100 of these devices were purchased by police and councils in the initial years between 2006 and 2008. I hope that we have some intelligence for you on that point.

You will recall that it was me who asked the minister about legal advice. For those who were not at the meeting, I asked what specific legal advice the minister had taken to confirm whether the Scottish Government has legal competence on the issue, and whether the Mosquito device is a breach of the ECHR.

The answer was that no specific legal advice was taken. Presumably it would be sensible for us to clarify whether the Government has sought specific legal advice since then. Irrespective of whether or not a minister is a lawyer, there are specialist officials that they must consult in order to get guidance on that.

In fairness, when Fergus Ewing was the minister he was clear in his opposition to this particular issue, going by the material from that time. There are issues about the legal competence and whether there is a breach of the ECHR. I know that Scotland's commissioner for children and young people has done a lot of good work on the issue.

Before I invite questions, I want to ask Andrew Deans whether he wants more time to investigate the issue before we pursue it, perhaps by inviting the minister in. Are you ready at this stage for us to take this away?

Andrew Deans

Given that we launched the online survey just this week, we hope to have all the evidence, including the human rights evidence, the evidence from young people and the collation of evidence from bodies responsible for tackling antisocial behaviour—including the police, who have obviously responded to the committee before—children’s charities and other such organisations by the end of March. The committee might wish to hold off until then, look at that evidence and then decide whether to call the minister back. In any case, we are looking to collect all this information by the end of March.

On a point of clarification, the figure of 100 is over and above the number of devices that police and councils have purchased. That is as far as we can get on the detail of that.

Andrew Deans

Is that the figure for Scotland?

Yes.

Andrew Deans

And that is the number of devices purchased by private individuals.

The Convener

That was the number purchased between 2006 and 2008. We got those figures from the manufacturer. Later on, I will read the information that we have received into the Official Report for the sake of clarity.

I seek questions from members.

Chic Brodie

I have to say that I share Fergus Ewing’s position on the matter. I do not know what kind of society we are building, but I certainly know that we do not need these things.

Perhaps I can take a different angle and think outside the box for the moment. Have any health and safety complaints been made about the use of the devices?

Andrew Deans

We have considered the issue of health protection during the petition’s lifespan. However, I would rather not go down that route; the issue for us has been always been about rights and our belief that there should be no place for such devices.

We have been at this for two years. There comes a time when we have to say, “Perhaps we need to take a different route.”

Andrew Deans

We have looked at that route, but did not think that it was any more promising. Our best opportunity would be for the Scottish Government to decide to ban the devices because it feels that they are not appropriate in Scotland.

Jackson Carlaw

As you might know, I am the committee member who is moved to close the petition. I think that the whole thing is barking mad.

The minister’s argument was that the Parliament spent time banning fur farms when there were no fur farms to ban. What evidence do you have that one of these units is currently being used or deployed in Scotland today?

Andrew Deans

We have two types of evidence, the first of which is the evidence that David Stewart has cited.

That is evidence of acquisition. What evidence do you have that one of the units is being deployed somewhere in Scotland today?

Andrew Deans

I have a number of points to make in response to that question. First, the acquisition of more than 100 of the devices points to the fact that at least one of them is bound to be in use today. Secondly, there is anecdotal evidence that they are in use. Thirdly, we have launched a survey to find examples of devices that are in use.

The petition has been open for two years. Why in that time has no one come forward to us with evidence that one of the units is in operation anywhere in Scotland today?

Andrew Deans

It is the minister who is interested in that evidence and feels that it is particularly necessary to have it. For us, the anecdotal evidence that the units are in use and have been acquired is more than enough. It is only because the Scottish Government has come back and said that it does not feel that that is enough for it that we are now looking to get that information. We are essentially trying to satisfy its requirement for that evidence before it acts.

Jackson Carlaw

The question is not whether we think the units are desirable—I think that we are all agreed that they are not. They were a fashionable accessory when they were introduced but public opinion and the opinion of all manner of organisations—from representative organisations to elected councils—has been hostile to their deployment. I do not believe that there is any evidence that they are being deployed today.

I understand and respect the basis of the petition, but this is not just an issue of principle; this is a Parliament and practical considerations come into play. If we are going to detain Parliament with legislation, that legislation should be based on an identifiable requirement. What is the identifiable requirement to progress legislation that bans something if we have no evidence that it is actually being used?

Andrew Deans

We are searching for the evidence and for the Mosquito devices that are currently in use. On top of that, there is an issue in relation to our research into the human rights element, which is based on legal advice that the Equality and Human Rights Commission gave to Tim Loughton when he was Minister for Children and Families. The EHRC’s position was that the Mosquito device contravenes several of the articles of the ECHR and that, in failing to act, a Government would be in breach of its positive obligation to safeguard human rights—

So all Governments across the world are in breach of that obligation.

Andrew Deans

If they come within the remit of the Council of Europe and the ECHR, yes.

They are all in breach of the convention.

Andrew Deans

In the EHRC’s opinion, yes.

Jackson Carlaw

So every country should pass legislation to ban something that is not being deployed. That is just preposterous. In the event that a device was deployed, surely the objective would be to have it removed. If there was ever evidence that a device had been deployed, could not elected councillors, MSPs, MPs and other people, on behalf of the community, effectively represent to whoever was deploying it the need to remove it? That is what councillors, MSPs and MPs do regularly with socially undesirable things—for example, when a shopping centre puts a Golden Balls gambling machine into its concourse, where young people who should not be gambling have access to it. MPs, MSPs and councillors make representations and such things are removed. What recourse would it be for this Parliament to spend time passing legislation to ban the device when there is no real evidence that it is a problem?

Andrew Deans

MSPs, MPs and councillors should all do that when they find a Mosquito device. As I am keen to stress, we are looking for evidence of the devices. You seem to suggest that it is hypothetical that the devices might be in operation. It is fairly clear from the evidence that we continually get from young people and the evidence that we have from Compound Security Systems that it is not a hypothetical situation—

Where is this evidence? You are telling me that you have received evidence from young people that the devices are being deployed. Where is it?

Andrew Deans

Anecdotal evidence and evidence—

Anecdotes are not evidence. You have just said to me that you have evidence from young people that the devices have been deployed. Where?

Andrew Deans

Everyone who is involved in this and who has spoken to young people is in no doubt that the devices are being deployed. I appreciate the point that you are making. At the end of the day, my feeling has always been that if we are trying, as the Scottish Government is keen to do, to make Scotland the best place for children and young people to grow up, it should not be left to individual councillors, MPs and MSPs to tackle human rights abuses on an ad hoc basis. The fact that the devices are legal and people in Scotland are buying them does not go along with that view of Scotland.

The Convener

We are a bit tight for time. This has been an interesting and useful dialogue but I am conscious that I need to bring in other members. As I understand it, you are saying that you require a little more time to prepare further evidence to give to the committee. We would then be in a better position to look at the next steps. You talked about the end of March—we are just into March.

Jackson Carlaw makes a fair point. We try to have some throughput of petitions so that they are not hanging around for long periods. It is only fair to new petitions that there should be committee time for them. Part of my job is to manage that. However, it is reasonable to allow you time to give us more evidence so that we can look at the issue again. The committee always looks carefully at the length of time that petitions have taken.

I am keen to bring in other members of the Youth Parliament, but do any other committee members want to make a quick point?

12:00

Angus MacDonald

I thank Andrew Deans for pre-empting my earlier questions. I appreciate the research that he has done, particularly with regard to Belgium and France. Jackson Carlaw assumes that none of the devices is being deployed. That begs the question: where is his proof?

I have asked for evidence.

I believe that we should give the petitioners the opportunity to identify examples of where the devices are being used and that we should certainly continue the petition.

The Convener

Before I throw the discussion open for people to ask questions, I place on record the paragraph from the clerks’ paper about the number of devices, as it probably was not clear enough. Paragraph 3 states:

“As sales tend to be through installers or re-sellers information on the number of devices sold for use in Scotland is not available. The manufacturer expects the figure to be around a hundred (excluding what police and local authorities may have bought between 2006 and 2008 ...)”.

I hope that that clarifies the point about numbers. It is quite difficult to be specific.

The dilemma that I face, having listened to Jackson Carlaw, is this: if the devices are not being used and people have stopped buying them, why is the manufacturer continuing to produce them? Of course they are being used.

I throw the discussion open. As usual, I will allow as many questions as I can—I see a forest of hands. At the end of the questions, I will ask Andrew Deans to summarise the answers and will then ask the committee to consider the next steps.

Rachael McCully

You ask for evidence. It is not our fault that you cannot hear the noise—we can. In South Lanarkshire, there are three devices that we know of, one of which we have heard for ourselves. There is one just down from our youth club, and once it has been put on at night it does not go off until 7 o’clock in the morning. We have continually approached the seller, asking whether they would be able to take it out of that shop, but they have refused to do so. You say that it is up to the local MSPs to try to get them out. We also have one in our Spar in East Kilbride, and they will not take it out of there either. There is your evidence—there are three devices in our area.

In that case, you should submit those names and addresses to the committee.

Rachael McCully

We have. We gave everything to Andrew Deans this week.

You have not submitted them to the committee.

Rachael McCully

Not to you, but to Andrew Deans.

I ask colleagues to speak through the convener, so that we do not get into a dialogue.

Grant Costello also wants to make a brief comment.

Grant Costello

I will be brief, as a lot of other people want to speak. We do not ban things because they are not in use; we ban things because they should be illegal and because it is wrong to have them. You are quite right to say that the Parliament is elected to carry out the will of the people—

It was not in my manifesto.

Grant Costello

Well, you take part in things that go ahead. This is the Public Petitions Committee and we have submitted a petition because we honestly believe that the situation should be changed. You say that you want evidence. We will present the evidence to you at the next committee meeting, and I hope that you will change your mind.

Scott Lamond

We have heard that there might be 100 of the devices in Scotland. Regardless of whether the number is one, 100 or 1,000, the Scottish Youth Parliament and the Scottish Parliament should fight for a fairer future for Scotland. If the device targeted a racial or elderly group there would be an international outcry, but because it targets young people it has been overlooked. We will have to make progress on such things in the future, and we are starting now.

Ashleigh O’Connor-Hanlon

The devices have been deployed, but iPhones and stuff also use the Mosquito device. People in schools use it for a joke, but it is still an issue.

The Convener

I do not know whether all members heard that, but I have experienced that. A friend who had one of the new iPhones was able to play back the sound that a Mosquito device makes, and all the young people in my company heard it but the adults did not. The noise of a Mosquito device can be replicated by an iPhone.

Sarah Turner (Scottish Youth Parliament)

Only young people hear the Mosquito devices, but it is not always young people who are responsible for the antisocial behaviour in the areas where the devices are put. Why do we have this device that only young people can hear when it is not always young people who create the problems?

I ask people to raise their hands if they want to speak. There was a forest of hands a minute ago, but they have all gone.

Louise Cameron

Jackson Carlaw said that it would be a waste of time to legislate but surely it is more of a waste of time to leave it to people in every individual constituency to deal with the issue by themselves.

I do not know if everyone has experienced how unpleasant the effects are. Union Square in Aberdeen is a new shopping centre, and it has one. I heard it when I was going through the train station and it was so unpleasant that I had to put my hands over my ears because it caused so much discomfort. That disrupts your day and it is an age discrimination issue.

Toni Marie McFadyen

The point is not about individually banning those that have been deployed already; it is about prevention rather than intervention. Instead of people going after individual cases, individuals need to be stopped before they deploy a device.

Alex Fyfe

Has any research been done into the effect of Mosquito device on crime rates in different areas? When I was researching the issue, I spoke to the local community police officer and he said he could see that it was an effective deterrent to crime in an area where crime is high among young people who are at age when most crime is committed. Is there any research out there that suggests otherwise?

Jonathan Ainslie (Scottish Youth Parliament)

I am the MSYP for South Perthshire and Kinross. I represent the same constituency as Roseanna Cunningham, and I was incredibly disappointed to learn that she does not think that the issue is a concern for the young people in her constituency. Not only have I yet to meet a young person who is not horrified by the notion of the devices being used in their community, but I have had conversations with at least two young people who have experienced them and are horrified that they are allowed. I look forward to following up those conversations so that I can contribute to the quantitative evidence that will be presented to the committee. However, I do not think that the Government can argue that the issue is of no concern to young people.

I will be generous and allow a couple more questions. Never let it be said that we do not let people speak.

Alexander Griffiths

The Mosquito device is not necessary. I have been racking my brains to remember where it is but there is a shop that just plays Elvis Costello music and other old-fashioned music that young people do not like and it keeps them away. [Laughter.]

I think that that is a petition to ban Elvis Costello.

Caitlin McDowell (Scottish Youth Parliament)

I am an MSYP for Galloway and West Dumfriesshire. The problem for me is that the devices allow stigma to be attached to young people. They are meant to target young people and no one else, which creates stigma in society.

We are coming to the end of our time but I will allow one more question. Who wants to ask the final question?

Kelley Temple

My question for the committee is, given the evidence that has been given today and all the work that Andrew Deans has done over the past couple of years, is it not time that committee and Scottish Government showed some leadership by saying that the situation is not good enough? That is what we would like to see. It is time that some leadership was shown and time that the Government said that it will take action to prevent it from happening.

Thank you; that is a good point on which to end. Andrew, will you do a very quick summing up of some of the questions?

Andrew Deans

I think that the Public Petitions Committee has, over the years, shown good leadership on the issue, and I am grateful to it. I am also pleased that we are already getting evidence in from young people about the existence and location of operating Mosquito devices—I assume that that evidence is coming through the survey. The survey is doing its job already and I hope that we will be in a position to present more evidence soon.

The evidence that Mosquito devices work to reduce crime appears just to be anecdotal. During consideration of the petition, we have heard evidence from the Scottish Police Federation and the Association of Chief Police Officers in Scotland, who do not think that they work. They move the problem on, which is at odds with what the police want to do to tackle antisocial behaviour. That evidence will, of course, form part of our evidence.

My final point is that more evidence is coming in, and I would appreciate the opportunity to get the minister back to talk to that evidence.

The Convener

It would make sense for the committee to continue the petition until we receive the evidence that you are looking at. Jackson Carlaw made that point quite fairly. We should continue the petition so that we can look at that evidence; then, if the committee agrees, there will be the option of inviting the minister.

Jackson Carlaw

In order to expedite matters, I would be grateful if, when the clerks receive the evidence, the committee could write to the individuals who are named as operating the units to ask them to confirm whether that is the case. That would facilitate our debate. I certainly would not wish the minister to come before the committee on the basis of evidence that proved not to be substantiated.

The Convener

That is a reasonable point. We will do as much as we can as quickly as we can.

I thank Andrew Deans again. Your presentation was very helpful and you faced some hardball questions—that is totally legitimate because the committee likes to get to the bottom of all issues. I am sure that you will be glad to know that we treated all today’s petitioners in exactly the same way as we would treat any other petitioner at an ordinary meeting. That is positive. You have all answered the questions extremely well—sometimes in the heat of fire, but that is how things work in Parliament.

I thank you all for coming along today. This has been an excellent meeting. I have certainly enjoyed it and I hope that you have. I am sure that we will do this again, perhaps in a year’s time. I am certainly very keen to have a similar event. I understand that the Scottish Youth Parliament will sit throughout the day today and tomorrow, and that Jack McConnell and Nicola Sturgeon will be speaking to you. Enjoy the rest of the proceedings.

Meeting closed at 12:13.