Expenditure on research and development (R&D) performed in Scottish businesses is given in the following table 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Business R&D expenditure (£ million) 550 508 493 586 579 Business R&D expenditure as a % of GDP1 0.65 0.57 0.53 0.60 0.56 Source: Office for National Statistics and Scottish Government.