Year Higher Education R&D Expenditure (£ million) % of GDP 3 Current prices Real terms (2016 prices 2 ) 2001 525 713 0.60 2002 608 807 0.67 2003 618 803 0.64 2004 641 810 0.63 2005 689 849 0.64 2006 772 922 0.67 2007 784 914 0.65 2008 891 1,012 0.72 2009 944 1,057 0.77 2010 944 1,038 0.76 2011 951 1,031 0.74 2012 963 1,023 0.74 2013 1,037 1,083 0.76 2014 r 1,049 1,080 0.73 2015 r 1,091 1,116 0.75 2016 1,061 1,061 0.71 Source: ONS and Scottish Government (Gross Expenditure on Research and Development Scotland 2016) Notes: 1. r denotes revised figures. 2.