KEY FINDINGS FROM OUR INQUIRYThe evidence heard points to an urgent need for systemic reform, combining strong public-health leadership, integrated governance, and adequately resourced services.Substance misuse remains a systemic challenge across the prison estate, affecting safety, health outcomes and rehabilitation prospects.The Committee found clear evidence that drug use in custody is closely linked to mental-health service inadequacy, social disadvantage and lack of purpose.Enforcement alone cannot address these issues; a whole-system, public-health approach is required, underpinned by equal access to treatment and recovery services.The current variation in healthcare provision between NHS Boards undermines consistency of care and outcomes.Workforce pressures, overcrowding and resource constraints exacerbate risk and hinder implementation of best practice.Data gaps limit understanding of the true scale of harm and the effectiveness of interventions.The Committee observed excellent practice in some prisons - particularly where local partnerships between SPS, the NHS, and third-sector organisations operate collaboratively - but noted inconsistency across Scotland.Members considered that genuine progress will depend on breaking down structural divides between justice and health systems and embedding recovery principles in every aspect of prison life.The Committee considers that people with lived...