To ask the Scottish Government how many children and young people have been placed in adult services in each year since 1999.
The Scottish Government is committed to ensuring Scotland’s system is one where children are first and foremost treated as children, with their rights and wellbeing at the heart of all decisions with, for, and about them. There are many reasons why children and their families might be in need of additional support, across a range of systems and contexts. The core of our Getting it Right for Every Child (GIRFEC) approach is that children and young people get the right help at the right time, from the right people.
We expect children and young people who need inpatient mental health care to be looked after in age-appropriate specialist facilities. On occasions where young people are placed within an adult ward this will be monitored and reviewed regularly to ensure that the young person is receiving the most appropriate treatment and care.
Data on mental health service provision is collated by Public Health Scotland. Currently, the percentage of under 18 psychiatric admissions admitted outwith NHS specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health (CAMH) wards (year ending June 2025) is published as part of the Mental Health Quality Indicators profile, although this is just a snapshot of the most recent data. Time series data and breakdowns by NHS Board and HSCP are planned for future iterations.
The Scottish Government’s Mental Health Inpatient Census records all patients in a mental health bed in NHS Scotland on one day in March or April. The census has run every year since 2014 (except 2015, 2020 and 2021). It provides a snapshot, not a yearly total. In 2014 there were 12 under 18s in adult wards (out of 50 under 18s in any mental health beds), 7 in 2016 (out of 55), 2 in 2017 (out of 36), 6 in 2018 (out of 57), 6 in 2019 (out of 52), 1 in 2022 (out of 46), 3 in 2023 (out of 46) and 4 in 2024 (out of 40). No under 18s were treated in forensic mental health wards in NHS Scotland at the time of the census in any year.
The Mental Welfare Commission (MWC) produces annual reports on admissions of young people under the age of 18 to non-specialist wards in Scotland. In the Children and young people monitoring report 2023-24, the number of children and young people under the age of 18 admitted to non-specialist hospital wards, including adult wards, for treatment of their mental health difficulties in Scotland was 67 admissions involving 59 children and young people, lower than the figures seen in 2022-23 (79 admissions, 66 children and young people).
Regarding criminal justice, the Scottish Government does not hold data specifically on young people placed in adult services, however does have data on the number of young people (under 21) by prison establishment from 2009/10 to 2023/24 which is provided in Table 1. This data is taken from the Scottish Prison Population Statistics.
In respect of under 18s in the criminal justice system, we take a strong focus on early and effective intervention, diversion and appropriate supports to address offending behaviour by children, through a whole system approach. This includes, where possible, keeping children out of the criminal justice system. In August 2024 we brought in provisions through the Children (Care and Justice) (Scotland) Act which saw an end to the detention of under 18s in Young Offenders Institutions. Anyone under the age of 18 requiring a period of detention will now be placed in smaller, child friendly settings such as secure accommodation.
Turning to homelessness, the most recent homelessness statistics show that 25 per cent of homeless households contain children. However, there is no distinction between adult homelessness services and children’s homelessness services. When fulfilling duties to homeless households, local authorities must have regard to the best interests of the applicant’s dependent children, and must ensure that accommodation provided for such a person is suitable for occupation by such children.
Table 1: Young people under 21 by prison establishment
Establishment | 2009-10 | 2010-11 | 2011-12 | 2012-13 | 2013-14 | 2014-15 | 2015-16 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 | 2019-20 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | 2023-24 |
Aberdeen | 160 | 168 | 132 | 84 | 52 | | | | | | | | | | |
Addiewell | 288 | 237 | 215 | 189 | 155 | 11 | 16 | 3 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
Barlinnie | 44 | 71 | 32 | 24 | 19 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 13 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 |
Cornton Vale | 212 | 207 | 177 | 142 | 111 | 108 | 79 | 62 | 53 | 45 | 46 | 28 | 22 | 25 | |
Dumfries | 60 | 38 | 27 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 2 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Edinburgh | 421 | 389 | 40 | 18 | 14 | 14 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
Glenochil | 22 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | | | 1 | |
Greenock | 234 | 204 | 174 | 152 | 50 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | | | | | 1 | |
Inverness | 140 | 119 | 100 | 80 | 82 | 56 | 47 | 42 | 34 | 41 | 28 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 3 |
Kilmarnock | 275 | 200 | 140 | 59 | 8 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
Open Estate | 6 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | | | | | 1 | | | | | 1 |
Perth | 386 | 213 | 220 | 163 | 39 | 12 | 4 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
Polmont | 2026 | 2055 | 2073 | 1798 | 1627 | 1442 | 1344 | 1214 | 1001 | 944 | 849 | 545 | 507 | 460 | 438 |
Shotts | 5 | 3 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | | 2 | | 1 | | | 1 |
Low Moss | | | 7 | 11 | 19 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 1 |
Peterhead | | | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Grampian | | | | | 50 | 86 | 47 | 51 | 54 | 42 | 43 | 20 | 22 | 13 | 11 |
Stirling | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 16 |
Total | 300 | 2668 | 2409 | 1994 | 1733 | 1587 | 1444 | 1264 | 1035 | 974 | 877 | 569 | 528 | 476 | 456 |