Chamber and committees

Once section 17(4) of the Scotland Act 2016 takes effect, which is expected to be on 1 April 2018, Air Passenger Duty (APD) will only apply to flights beginning after that date from an airport in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. After that date, Air Departure Tax (ADT) is expected to apply on any flight which begins from an airport in Scotland.

The effect of these changes, when combined with the current APD legislation on connected flights, is that a passenger flying from a Scottish airport to an airport elsewhere in the UK after 1 April 2018, and who then takes a second or subsequent connected flight to another destination, will be chargeable under ADT on the first flight but exempt from APD on the other flight(s). The amount of ADT due will be determined under section 9 of and Schedule 1 of the Bill by reference to the destination of the passenger’s final connected flight and their class of travel.

Double taxation (in relation to APD and ADT) will therefore not apply after 1 April 2018 in relation to passengers on such connecting flights. The Scottish Government has had regular engagement with HM Revenue and Customs regarding APD and ADT, including on connecting flights, and is not aware of any further legislative changes planned by the UK Government which would affect this tax position.

The Scottish Government will provide further detail on its legislative proposals for tax exemptions, tax bands and tax rate amounts for Air Departure Tax (ADT) at a later date. The Scottish Government has developed and is continuing to refine an evidence base on ADT and has used it to inform the development of ADT policy, but is happy to listen to any recommendations that the Scottish Parliament may make on undertaking an independent assessment of its proposals.

There are currently 204 vehicles in the Scottish Government fleet, of which 17 (8%) are petrol, 161 (79%) are diesel and 26 (13%) are electric (either fully electric or plug-in hybrids).

There are currently 5 vehicles in the Transport Scotland fleet, of which 3 (60%) are diesel and 2 (40%) are fully electric.

Transport Scotland are also working with the Energy Saving Trust and the trunk road companies, Bear and Transerv, and CH2M in their role as Performance Audit Group, to carry out sustainable transport reviews and identify opportunities for the introduction of electric vehicles into their fleets.

We do not hold information on the composition of other public sector fleets in Scotland.

I have asked Colin McConnell, Chief Executive of the Scottish Prison Service, to respond. His response is as follows:

The radical proposals that we are developing for the national facility for both women in custody in Scotland and the community custodial units will be, we believe, world leading in the services that they offer to women.

Since these proposals are still being refined and developed, it is not possible at this stage to provide exact figures for the running costs of these facilities.

The population of female prisoners is not projected separately as part of the main projections published by Scottish Government. Since 2011-12, the female population has been falling more sharply compared to men, between 2% and 6% per year (from 469 for 2011-12 to 404 in 2015-16). A copy of the latest prison population and prisons projections can be found in the following link:http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0049/00491398.pdf

I have asked Colin McConnell, Chief Executive of the Scottish Prison Service, to respond. His response is as follows:

Following a long period of sustained upward growth, the average annual prison population peaked 2011-2012 with the highest ever in custody figure of 8420 in March 2012. The population has subsequently reduced and continues to do so and is now on average around 7,500.

Following the opening of HMP & YOI Grampian in 2014, only 5 prisons remained overcapacity compared to 11 in 2011, with a further reduction to 3 prisons in 2015. The published figures for 2016 show only 2 prisons remaining overcapacity. These were HMP Barlinnie and HMP Inverness. Both prisons are required to manage the demands of the local courts and in the case of HMP Inverness, the prison covers a large geographic area.

SPS has no evidence to suggest that occupancy levels have negatively impacted wellbeing. HMIPS carries out a programme of regular inspections in all establishments and reports against set standards. In addition, Independent Prison Monitors are also available to all prisoners and report any concerns to both the local government and the Chief Inspector of Prisons. SPS also carries our regular Prisoner Surveys and has an established process whereby prisoners can make complaints.

I have asked Colin McConnell, Chief Executive of the Scottish Prison Service, to respond. His response is as follows:

The following table provides a breakdown of the number of Prison Officers employed by SPS since 2010. Reported staffing numbers reflect the position as at 31 March in each year.

HMP Aberdeen closed in January 2014.

HMP YOI Grampian officially opened in March 2014.

HMP Low Moss officially opened in March 2012.

HMP Peterhead closed in December 2013.

The Scottish Government is engaging with local authorities and other key stakeholders to identify an early adopter low-emission zone location for Scotland’s first low-emission zone in 2018. A number of local authorities have already expressed an interest in their Local Air Quality Management 2016 report to explore the feasibility of a low-emission zone.

The low-emission zone would seek to restrict certain vehicles that did not meet the low-emission zone standards, and issue a penalty charge if those vehicles then entered a low-emission zone. Petrol and diesel vehicles which meet the low-emission zone standards would be allowed to enter the low-emission zone.

The Scottish Government, as part of meeting Climate Change targets, is committed to freeing Scotland’s towns, cities and communities from the damaging emissions of petrol and diesel fuelled vehicles by 2050 and to phasing out half of all fossil fuelled vehicles from urban environments across Scotland by 2030. We have no current plans to phase out petrol or diesel vehicles by 2025.

The Scottish Government's policy on Ministerial clearance of responses to FOI requests is set out at Step 33 of our Step-by-Step Guide to answering FOI requests, which is published on the Scottish Government website at: http://www.gov.scot/About/Information/FOI/Training.

I refer the member to the answer to question S5W-07455 on 8 March 2017. All answers to written parliamentary questions are available on the Parliament’s website, the search facility for which can be found at: http://www.parliament.scot/parliamentarybusiness/28877.aspx