To ask the Scottish Executive in how many deaths (a) heroin, (b) ecstasy, (c) amphetamines, (d) other illicit substances, (e) alcohol and (f) tobacco were recorded as causes in each year since 1997.
The number of drug-related deaths where heroin, ecstasy, or amphetamines were known to be involved is given in the following table. As individual deaths may involve a number of drugs, it is not possible to say how many deaths were caused by each specific drug. Because many drugs of abuse may be obtained legally but subsequently used illegally, it is not possible to provide information on “other illicit” drugs. There is no standard definition of alcohol-related deaths. The figures shown in the table cover key causes of death known to be associated with alcohol.
| 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 |
Drug-related deaths – total | 224 | 249 | 291 | 292 | 332 | 382 | 317 | 356 |
of which involving | |
Heroin (incl. morphine) 1 | 74 | 121 | 167 | 196 | 216 | 248 | 175 | 225 |
Ecstasy | 2 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 20 | 20 | 14 | 17 |
Amphetamines | 6 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 13 | 10 | 10 |
Alcohol related deaths 2 | 851 | 912 | 1013 | 1129 | 1219 | 1321 | 1342 | 1313 |
Notes:
1. The table shows a combined total for heroin/morphine as it is believed that, in the overwhelming majority of cases where morphine has been identified in post-mortem toxicological analyses its presence is as a result of heroin use.
2. Deaths from:
(a) Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of alcohol (ICD10 codes F100 to F109, ICD9 codes 291, 303 and 3050);
(b) Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ICD10 code I426, ICD9 code 4255), and
(c) Alcoholic liver disease (ICD codes K700 to K709, ICD9 codes 5710 to 5713).
It is unusual for doctors to mention tobacco (or smoking) as a contributory cause of death when completing death certificates. For example, of the 56,187 deaths registered in 2004, tobacco/smoking was mentioned on fewer than 300 occasions. However, in Health in Scotland 2004, the Chief Medical Officer reported that some 13,000 Scots die each year from smoking-related illness.