Chamber and committees

The Scottish Government is currently supporting a UK Government Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs project on “Co-designing an Evaluation Framework for Recruitment and Retention of Domestic Seafood Workers”. This project includes a survey and focus groups with people working in fishing, processing and aquaculture across the UK, including Scotland. The project will seek to explore questions related to barriers and opportunities for new entrants and across different project stages.

I understand the concerns around increasing competition for marine space and the different pressures on various marine activities.

I welcomed publication of the National Federation of Fishermen’s Organisations’ and the Scottish Fishermen’s Federation’s joint report, ‘Spatial Squeeze in Fisheries’ in June 2022. I am very aware of the potential cumulative impacts on the fishing industry and my officials and I continue to engage stakeholders to explore this issue within the policy development process.

Effectively managing how we use our marine space is critical in our transition to net zero, the achievement of our national and international biodiversity commitments and to maximise the opportunities a blue economy approach can deliver for our marine industries and communities.

That is why we have committed to developing a new National Marine Plan for Scotland (NMP2). Marine planning is a powerful tool for managing multiple uses of our seas by bringing together different interests and seeks to balance the needs of people and our environment through decision-making. Encouraging economic growth across both developing and existing marine sectors is a key priority.

A new planning framework as part of NMP2 must help facilitate this, and further action aimed at tackling the climate and nature emergency. Delivering a new National Marine Plan relies on speaking and working with those who know our seas best. We have taken forward a number of engagement events that have discussed the full range of marine planning issues, of which pressures on the marine space has been a high level topic. Please find details of these below:

Fisheries stakeholders present:

• 22-06-2023 – NMP Forum, in-person event at EICC, Edinburgh
• 20-06-2024 – NMP2 HLO Fisheries workshop, virtual
• 22-8-2024 – NMP2 Fisheries in-person workshop at FSS offices in Aberdeen
• 13-11-2024 - NMP Forum, in-person event in Stirling
• 21-01-2025 – NMP2 Community Engagement drop-in session, virtual meeting

Environmental stakeholders present:

• 22-06-2023 – NMP Forum, in-person event at EICC, Edinburg
• 11-01-2024 – NMP2 consultation authorities workshop, VQ
• 02-02-2024 – Meeting with consultation authorities, VQ
• 23-4-2024 – NMP2 HLO workshop with Consultation authorities, VQ
• 25-8-2024 – NMP2 HLO and draft policy ideas workshop with eNGOs, virtual
• 30-5-2024 – NMP2 HLO Workshop with young Environmentalists, virtual
• 13-8-2024 – NMP2 HLO follow-up discussion with Young Environmentalists, virtual
• 15-8-2024 - NMP2 Environment follow-up discussion on HLO and draft policy ideas, virtual meeting
• 13-11-2024 - NMP Forum, in-person event in Stirling
• 21-01-2025 – NMP2 Community Engagement drop-in session, virtual meeting

Our commitment to Scotland’s seafood sector was reflected in the publication of the Strategy for Seafood in October 2022. While there are no current plans to update this document, Scottish Government will continue to work with industry to realise our ambitions for the sector. This includes continuing to work with the sector on trade barriers arising from EU Exit, which has impaired the competitiveness of Scottish seafood.

The Scottish Government does not have the powers to prosecute Marine and Fisheries offences, these powers lie with the Crown Office Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS) who prosecute on our behalf. This is a technical point.

The 1984 Act is one of many acts and orders which the Scottish Government uses to control marine and fisheries activities.

The 1984 Act mainly controls restrictions on fishing methods in vulnerable areas, much of which is now covered by orders made under the Marine Scotland Act 2010.

The legislation used depends on the offences committed and the penalties available.

Additionally, the Scottish Government has powers to issue Fixed Penalty Notices (FPN) in lieu of reporting cases to the COPFS. Most cases where a penalty was deemed appropriate were dealt with in this way. Details of FPNs are published, link Reporting statistics from marine and fisheries compliance - gov.scot

Table detailing cases prosecuted under the 1984 Act.

The Scottish Government’s understanding of regional trade flows in seafood is informed by a range of sources. Primary data relating to the seafood industry including fisheries, aquaculture, processing, trade, and retail statistics is either collected by the Scottish Government (for example, Scotland’s Sea Fisheries Statistics), collected by relevant UK Government Departments (for example HM Revenue & Custom’s international trade statistics or the Office for National Statistic’s Living Costs and Food Survey), or collected by industry bodies (for example Seafish’s Processing Sector Survey). Relevant HMRC datasets that are of particular relevance include the Overseas Trade Statistics (OTS) and Regional Trade Statistics (RTS) publications.

The member should also note ongoing research as part of the Scottish Government’s Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture (ENRA) 2022-27 research programme which includes a project focused on understanding Scottish food supply chains, including seafood. The project aims to develop a better understanding of seafood being produced in Scotland, what is imported and exported, and how that relates to what we eat and what we should be eating in terms of recommended amounts of seafood consumption.

These various sources all inform Scottish Government’s approach to the seafood industry and seafood trade.

We set up the Fisheries Management and Conservation (FMAC) Climate Change Subgroup in early 2023 to help guide us and to build our knowledge and understanding of both climate mitigation and adaptation. The group is formed of industry reps, eNGOs, academia, as well as organisations such as Seafish and Fisheries Innovation and Sustainability.

We will work with the subgroup to understand what options for reducing emissions from fishing can be taken in the short, medium and long-term and develop a plan of actions.

The Scottish Government recognises and values the very important role that many women play in Scotland’s fisheries sector.

Scotland's Fisheries Management Strategy 2020-2030 seeks to recognise the important role that all parts of society make to the fishing industry, and to promote involvement across all genders and equalities groups in a positive and inclusive way.

We want to work with the industry to shape the policy outcomes which contribute to better outcomes for women working in the sector.

There is an overall lack of data and evidence on women in fisheries for a number of reasons, and we agree that steps are needed to improve this. However, many of these gaps will need to be filled in collaboration with the industry and the wider research communities. Given other pressing priorities, further research into how women in fisheries were affected specifically by the COVID-19 pandemic has not been taken forward.

The Women in Scottish Fisheries report provides a thorough overview of the importance of women across the industry and specifies that creating an attractive, safe and supportive environment for women, might direct us towards achieving a more equitable, and sustainable industry overall.

This remains a live topic that the Scottish Government is keen to explore in the future and we encourage industry to take the lead to bring about change wherever possible. We recognise that some actions may need to be initiated by government and we want to explore options for collaborative working and for actions to be developed in partnership with the fishing industry.

The Marine Directorate has several formal stakeholder engagement forums where there are opportunities to discuss the performance of the Marine Directorate with fishermen, their representatives and fisheries businesses. These include the Fisheries Management and Conservation Group (FMAC), and Regional Inshore Fisheries Management Groups RIFG. Additionally, there are many ad hoc meetings with stakeholders and regular engagement through direct correspondence with relevant officials where the Marine Directorate’s activities and performance can be discussed.

Marine Directorate Compliance Operations portfolio publish inspection data with the latest data being published shortly. (Reporting statistics from marine and fisheries compliance - gov.scot) We will continue to develop the data we publish.