Skip to main content
Loading…
Chamber and committees

Finance Committee, 08 Feb 2005

Meeting date: Tuesday, February 8, 2005


Contents


Subordinate Legislation


Budget (Scotland) Act 2004 Amendment Order 2005 (draft)

The Convener:

Under agenda items 2 and 3, we will consider a draft Scottish statutory instrument that seeks to amend the Budget (Scotland) Act 2004. We have a range of witnesses for the items, whom I invite to come to the table.

As well as the draft instrument, the committee has before it the budget documents that set out the background to the proposed revision, a note from the clerk and a letter from the Presiding Officer. As is stated in the clerk's note, the Subordinate Legislation Committee considered the instrument on 1 February and had nothing to report.

I welcome to the Finance Committee Tom McCabe, the Minister for Finance and Public Service Reform. Accompanying the minister is Richard Dennis, the Scottish Executive finance co-ordination team leader. We also have before us Ian Leitch, the Scottish Parliament's director of resources and governance and Derek Croll, the Parliament's head of financial resources. Ian Leitch and Derek Croll are with us because some of the amendments that the order seeks to make to the act are connected to the Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body budget.

Consideration of the instrument has been split into two parts. First, I will ask the minister to make some brief opening remarks, after which I will give members the opportunity to ask any technical questions that they may have. Members may put their questions not only to the minister, but to the Executive and SPCB officials.

Secondly, once the technical questions have been put, I will ask the minister to move motion S2M-2358, which seeks approval of the instrument. As we are considering the instrument under the affirmative procedure, the order cannot come into force until it has been approved by the Parliament. After the minister has moved the motion, we will move to the debate on the motion. Under standing orders, the debate can last no more than 90 minutes; I hope that it will not last as long as that, but we will see. At the end of the debate, I will put the question on the motion. If the committee agrees to the motion, the Parliamentary Bureau will lodge a motion seeking parliamentary approval for the instrument.

I invite the minister to make a brief opening statement.

The Minister for Finance and Public Service Reform (Mr Tom McCabe):

Good morning everyone. I am sure that the committee is getting used to the regular procession of budget revisions throughout the year—the summer, autumn and spring revisions. Members will be aware that the revisions are simply a regular piece of Government business, under which we seek parliamentary authorisation for the inevitable changes that have to be made to our spending plans as they arise throughout the financial year.

Last week, the committee discussed with Tavish Scott the Executive's spending plans for 2005-06. Today's budget revision is the last opportunity for the Executive to amend budgets for the current financial year 2004-05. In this opening statement, I want to draw attention to a few of the highlights in the revision. As the convener rightly noted, SPCB representatives are also at the committee today. They will answer questions on the non-cash adjustment that was made to the SPCB budget as a result of the valuation of the Parliament building.

Of course, the most significant presentational change in the revision is the separating out of the pension schemes from the main schedules for the Finance and Central Services Department. That is a parallel change to the one that was discussed last week in respect of the Budget (Scotland) (No 2) Bill. Members will see the change if they look at article 2(3)(a)(iii) and article 2(3)(a)(iv) and also article 2(4)(k) and article 2(4)(l) of the draft order, which make up a large part of the text of the instrument.

Table 1.4 on page 6 of the supporting document—the spring budget revision—will help in understanding the changes. On a departmental basis, the table lists the overall impact of all the revisions. Members will see that the most significant apparent change in the numbers comes from the Health Department, in which the proposed change is a reduction of £146 million in the resources sought. The committee will note the stress that I placed on the word "apparent". In reality, the revision makes a slight increase in the Health Department's budget as it draws down resources from the central unallocated provision. However, the change is more than offset by an increase in the share of health spending that is notionally funded by national insurance contributions. Further details of the change are given on page 3 of the supporting document.

Members will see in table 1.4 that, as a result of the larger allocation from national insurance contributions, the figure for the total resources that are sought for the Executive is lower than that which was authorised by the autumn budget revision. If members turn to table 1.6 on page 7, they will see that the total cash that is sought by the Executive is increasing. It is most unusual to see cash and resource totals going in different directions in such a manner.

I am sure that the committee is eagerly awaiting the additional information on the errors in the way in which our cash requirement was calculated, which Tavish Scott promised last week. I apologise in advance that the explanation is technical—it is inevitably so. If I give the impression that I understand every bit of it, I will be doing okay.

Members know that, because the cost of capital is a non-cash adjustment, it is one of the items that we take away from the resource total in order to work out our cash requirement. However, for public corporations such as Scottish Water, the Executive's cost of capital is set to balance out the interest that is received on voted loans. The effect of that is that the net departmental expenditure limit impact on the cost of capital is exactly offset by the DEL impact of the interest payments received. So, the cost of capital on our investment in Scottish Water has no impact at all on our resource budget. Of course, we still have the cash from the interest payments in the Scottish consolidated fund.

In terms of the cash authorisation that we seek from the Westminster Parliament, which is then drawn down from the United Kingdom consolidated fund, the cost of the capital charge should be taken away from our resource budget, as that much cash is already in the Scottish consolidated fund. The error was made because we did not realise that we needed to think in three different currencies, not just in two. Although the cash is sitting in the consolidated fund, we cannot draw it down without the approval of the Parliament. Therefore, in bringing budgets to the Parliament, we should not take account of the particular cost of the capital charge in calculating our cash requirement.

The impact of the error is best seen by making a comparison between table 1.7 on page 8 of the spring budget revision and the similar table in the supporting document to the autumn budget revision. The comparison shows that the capital charges that we are deducting from our resource budget in order to calculate the cash requirement have fallen by £131 million.

I hope that members understood that explanation every bit as much as I did. We made the mistake only after the classification rules for public corporations changed at the end of the 2002 spending review. The real-world impact on the budget is zero. We are talking about paper transactions that have no impact on the things about which elected members concern themselves, namely the size of budgets and how they are applied.

I will bring the discussion back to more familiar territory. I am sure that members will have spotted, on page 21 of the supporting document, the reduction of £30 million in Scottish Water's capital budget—those are resources that have been transferred to the CUP for use in future years.

The committee has taken a keen interest in the delivery of Scottish Water's investment programme, so it will want to know about the impact of the budget reduction on the programme. I reassure the committee that there has been no further slippage. The latest forecasts show that Scottish Water continues to be on course to deliver the investment of £505 million this year, which is the same level of investment that was forecast back in the summer. Scottish Water achieved a monthly run rate of £60 million in December alone. All the indications are that it is on track to meet its agreed investment figure.

To try to square the circle, we must remember that what scores in the budget is not spending, but net borrowing, which is affected by movements in creditors and debtors and, more particularly, by the timing of cash getting out the door. A significant part of this year's investment will actually be physically paid for next year. Curiously enough, net borrowing is one of the parts of the budget that is not affected by the resource accounting and budgeting move to accruals.

I will do my best to answer any questions that members have.

The Convener:

I point out to members that only they may speak when we get into the second part of the discussion, after the minister has moved the motion. Before we reach that stage, there is an opportunity to ask technical questions to which the minister and his officials may respond.

I flag up an issue that arises from what the minister said about water services. I and colleagues fully appreciate the efforts that have been made to get Scottish Water's capital spend up to a higher level than it was at before, but you will be aware that there is discontinuity between the current and the next quality and standards processes. The first process ends in 2006 and the next one goes from 2006 to 2014. For money to be spent in 2006, proper planning for projects must be carried out prior to 2006. At the start of the quality and standards II process, there was a period of around 12 months in which planning was not in place to allow capital money to be spent, which had an impact on the flow of capital. I accept that spend is now running along at a rate, but the discontinuity between Q and S II and Q and S III is an issue. A mechanism is needed to put in place planning and identify early-start projects. We must ensure that no loss of momentum arises from the fact that two different regulatory regimes are being dealt with.

I ask that Mr McCabe and Ross Finnie learn from what went wrong last time. Clear ministerial oversight is required to ensure that we do not lose momentum on such an important spend issue.

Mr McCabe:

I fully appreciate your point. There is an understanding in the Executive of the issues that you raise. All the information that is available to me is that that has been considered and that all that can possibly be done is being done to avoid such a disconnection.

Ms Wendy Alexander (Paisley North) (Lab):

I, too, want to talk about water, which is an incredibly difficult issue for us all. It is surprising that, a year ago, we thought that £212 million gross capital expenditure would be the contribution to Scottish Water, but the figure has now fallen to £101 million. Therefore, in the past year there has been a fall of more than 50 per cent in what we expected to be the Executive's contribution to Scottish Water's capital spending.

I hear what you say about there not being any slippage in Scottish Water's planned expenditure of £550 million for this year, but why did the £212 million estimate prove to be as inaccurate as it apparently was? As you know, many of our discussions with Scottish Water in the past year have involved it telling us that its close relationship with the Executive allows for accuracy in forecasting, in planning cash requirements and so on. It is probably unfair to ask the minister to do this, but perhaps one of his officials could say why the figure has turned out to be £101 million rather than £212 million, which we thought that it would be last year. Why were we out by so much in what it would take to deliver a £550 million investment programme over the year?

Richard Dennis (Scottish Executive Finance and Central Services Department):

Two main factors are driving the change between the autumn budget revision and the figures that we now have in the spring budget revision. The first is movements in debtors and creditors, which are a fairly significant factor. Obviously, there are many short-term fluctuations. The turnover is around £1 billion, so we would expect to see significant movement, and I understand that that accounts for around £40 million of the change.

The minister spoke about the fact that accruals do not affect net borrowing numbers, and that is one of the big drivers. I will do my best to explain things, although doing so is not easy.

Usually, making a commitment scores in the Executive's budget. The moment a capital project is started, it hits the budget. The timing of when the cash is actually passed over is neither here nor there. With net borrowing, because one goes to the market and borrows the cash only the day before it is handed over, when one physically hands over the cash matters. Quite a lot of investment will take place at the end of this year in particular. It can be seen from the £60 million run rate in December that investment is being backloaded quite a lot this year. Indeed, quite a lot of investment will be physically paid for next year. That is simply a difference in timing of the allocation of projects.

Ms Alexander:

I have two things to say in conclusion, which it would be better to deal with by correspondence. It is encouraging that the minister said that there has been no slippage in Scottish Water's capital programme, but there should be reflection with Scottish Water on whether the net reduction in the requirement from the Finance and Central Services Department from more than £200 million to £100 million makes any difference to its delivery of the investment programme. If things have changed in any way, it would be helpful if we were written to, not least because Ross Finnie's letter to us indicated that progress on investment and programme expenditure would not generally be published. We have gained a helpful piece of information today.

There is a second issue that you might deal with in writing. Given what you have said about the uncertainty of the timing of going to markets, will we have to live in perpetuity with variability in excess of 50 per cent? Is that the most appropriate way for things to be treated in the documents? Obviously, the creation of the central unallocated provision has been a significant development and we are trying to bring greater certainty about how departments profile investment. It would be helpful to reassure us that the figures reflect no slippage in the capital programme and to say whether the Finance and Central Services Department might reflect on whether it must live with such uncertainty in its budget, which is associated with the timing of going to markets. I will leave matters at that.

The Convener:

Can the minister give us an indication of what the impact of any reduction in the net budgeting total will be on end-year flexibility? Over the past several years, water has been a big factor in EYF. What is likely to happen this year? Will that impact on interest payments, for example?

Mr McCabe:

We will come back to you on those matters, unless Richard Dennis wants to add anything about that specific point. On what Ms Alexander said, I would want to confirm that the capital investment is unaffected. She rightly spoke about considering whether we would want to continue with the disparity in totals or whether there is a better way of accounting for things.

Richard Dennis:

It is clearly right that borrowing less this year means that future interest payments will be slightly less, and the total of interest payments will also be slightly less.

You might be able to give us some quantification of that.

Richard Dennis:

I cannot do so off the top of my head, but I will see whether we can do so in writing.

You could do so by correspondence.

Incidentally, I should have welcomed back Arthur Midwinter as our adviser.

On Scottish Water, the run rate is £60 million in December. What steps are being taken to ensure value for money? Specifically, how are Scottish Water Solutions Ltd and Scottish Water adhering to competition rules?

That is a matter for Scottish Water. We are reassured that it pays adequate attention to competition rules and complies with other obligations that are placed on it. We have no indication that that is not the case.

Jim Mather:

Okay; I will take up that issue directly with Scottish Water.

The adjustments make me suspicious that the charges on Scottish Water are too high and that too much of the capital expenditure is being funded by the present generation of water-charge payers. You might want to answer this question in writing, but what percentage of the £550 million of capital expenditure has been paid for by current water-charge payers?

We will answer that through correspondence.

We need to stay on the budget revision—I am anxious that we do not get drawn too far away from it.

Alasdair Morgan:

I have a couple of questions. The first is about the big increase for winter maintenance in the roads budget, which is in schedule 3.15 on page 59 of the spring budget revision. I am not sure whether that money comes out of the integrated transport fund, although that fund shows a big decrease. I would have thought that the routine and winter maintenance of roads is a fairly predictable item, but it has gone up by about £24 million.

That is nearly a 50 per cent increase.

Richard Dennis:

I will just look up the exact chapter and verse, but I am fairly confident that the Enterprise, Transport and Lifelong Learning Department stores a fairly large amount of the transport budget in the integrated transport fund at the start of the year until it is clear where progress will be made. The figures do not necessarily show an increase in the budget; they simply show how the department allocates the total that was in the integrated transport fund to different projects as we go through the year.

Routine and winter maintenance is not a project; it happens every year.

Richard Dennis:

Yes, but the exact amount that is spent in any one year depends on weather conditions, which determine the amount of maintenance that can physically be done.

That is why I am surprised that the figure has gone up. We have had a fairly mild winter this year.

Richard Dennis:

It is not obvious from the figures that the budget has gone up. I am fairly confident that, at the start of the year, the department says, "We can guarantee that we will spend this much on these projects, but we would like to spend this much more." It then collects all the this-much-mores in one place. Nine months into the financial year, it might become clear that one project is running a bit late, so not all the budget for it will be spent, whereas another project is on course and more can be spent. The department then allocates extra provision.

Alasdair Morgan:

That does not quite answer my question. I accept the answer in relation to changes under other headings, but given the number of years for which we have been doing routine and winter maintenance, one would think that we would have a fairly accurate idea about the figure in a normal winter. I understand that the figure might go up if we had a particularly inclement winter.

Richard Dennis:

I have found the right page in my notes.

That is good.

Richard Dennis:

The answer is a mix of what I said and the fact that because the winter has been relatively mild, as you say, more progress has been made and the backlog of maintenance has been eaten into further than was assumed would happen at the start of the year.

Right. Now I understand: the routine element has gone up. Winter maintenance does not refer to dealing with winter conditions; it means taking advantage of summer-like conditions in the winter.

I confirm that our roads infrastructure is getting better by the day.

I thought that you would say that.

There are some areas in Scotland where that does not necessarily apply.

My other question is about schedule 3.3 on page 98, which shows that the modernising government fund has been reduced by £14 million to £1 million. Perhaps that means that government has been modernised and there is no need for the money.

Richard Dennis:

Again, that is a centrally held fund that is run by the minister's department. Through the year, when he makes awards, resources are transferred to the departments and agencies that have won funding for their projects. Therefore, the £14 million will be reappearing all over the place.

But it will all be to modernise government.

The modernisation is continuing apace.

The Convener:

May I have clarification on a couple of things? One is the reference in schedule 2.1 on page 61 of the budget document to a £48 million transfer from the CUP to health. What is the purpose of that? Further, what is the purpose of the £160 million transfer from capital to revenue, which is noted in schedule 2.2 on page 62? Is the item being transferred or simply the cash? How does that relate to our shared perspective, if you like, on increasing capital as opposed to revenue spend?

Richard Dennis:

I will take your questions in reverse order. At the start of every year, the Health Department sets a capital budget in total. As health boards work through the year, the Health Department considers which elements of investment, maintenance and new procurement have added value and which is non-value-added maintenance work. At the spring budget revision, the department transfers the non-value-added element, which does not score as capital in our terms, across the resource. That is what is going on with the £160 million. The department has got far enough through the year to say that, out of its total capital budget, £160 million is non-value-added. That is the money that moves across.

On the transfer from the CUP to health, the Health Department has a problem in that its budget is £8 billion-plus and it needs to forecast that down to the last day. However, £8 billion-plus breaks down to well over £48 million a day. Therefore, through the transfer from the CUP, the department is giving itself extra cover to ensure that it does not have to hold back spending as the end of the year approaches. Members will remember that this particular money came originally from Scottish Water and was the £85 million that we loaned across a year and a half ago. Scottish Water was allowed to retain it at the start of this year just to give it flexibility for plans coming in bang on budget. If it slips a little over budget, that figure gives it some safety.

So it is a disguised contingency.

Richard Dennis:

Yes.

Dr Murray:

In schedule 3.2 on page 27 of the spring budget revision, headed "Regenerating Communities", there is a line that indicates that Scottish Homes grant in aid increased by more than £17 million. I just wondered what that refers to, since Scottish Homes does not exist any longer and has become Communities Scotland.

Richard Dennis:

I have no knowledge of that other than that my notes tell me that the increase of £17 million in Scottish Homes' grant in aid is being used to meet the costs of redeeming remaining debt.

I think that the committee would welcome a note to give us a bit more detail on that

Mr Brocklebank:

I have a couple of points for clarification. In schedule 3.1, on page 45, headed, "Student Awards Agency for Scotland", there seems to be a reduction of £14.7 million in "Fees, Grants & Bursaries". Does that reflect a reduction in demand for student places?

Richard Dennis:

There are quite a few changes within that £14.7 million. However, the main element is an adjustment to bring the budget in line with predicted spend. You are probably right that it reflects a reduction in demand, but I would like to confirm that in writing to the clerks.

Mr Brocklebank:

It would be useful if you could let us know that. My other point for clarification, in which I have a personal interest, is in schedule 3.4 on page 75. When you talk about "Receipts from Scottish Safety Cameras", is the revenue of £8.2 million from speeding cameras?

Richard Dennis:

Yes.

Mr Brocklebank:

I say rather bitterly that I have contributed to some of that £8.2 million in recent times. Is that figure in line with expectations? If so, why was it not included in the original budget? Furthermore, what receipts do you expect to get next year? Is the figure likely to go up?

Richard Dennis:

I am tempted to say that I am sure that no one will get caught by a speed camera next year.

But is the £8.2 million in line with your expectation?

We are talking about a budget revision, so it is unlikely to be in line with anyone's expectations. [Laughter.]

Okay, then. Looking ahead, do you expect the figure to rise exponentially?

I think that we can deal with that matter when we come to next year's budget.

Ms Alexander:

Table 1.8 on page 9 helpfully sets out figures for capital spending and net investment. However, although the figure for public-private partnership spend is obviously fixed—after all, such obligations are fixed—the figures for the other four categories of capital spend are down from those in the autumn budget revision. Perhaps we should discuss this question with the Finance Committee's adviser, but I wonder whether the Executive would consider presenting a summary table that shows movements in net capital spend not only from the autumn revision but from the beginning of the year. For example, the table shows that, since the autumn budget revision, there has been a decrease in direct capital spend of £94 million—or about 8 or 9 per cent—and a decrease of more than 10 per cent in the much smaller figure for capital grants to the private sector. Adding into those figures the £60 million reduction in direct capital spend on water that we have discussed would give us a 15 per cent fall in overall direct capital spend since the budget was presented last year. Such a decrease is significant.

As a result, would it be possible for the Executive to consider including figures from the start of the year in this very helpful summary table? I am also led to ask why Scottish Water is not presented separately in this table. I acknowledge that that happens later on, but surely its distorting impact and its unique status as a non-incorporated body—or whatever we call an organisation that does not fall into the non-departmental public body category—must raise questions about how it is handled in the table. I leave that matter on the table for you to reflect on.

Moreover, are there any particular drivers for the quite significant 8 to 9 per cent fall in direct capital spend over the past six months? I also point out that an overall 15 per cent drop over the year is quite a lot.

Richard Dennis:

The committee will not find this response very helpful, but the most major factor in that fall is reclassification of certain elements of transport spend. We are spending the same amount of money on the same projects; however, our accountants, who had previously told us that we could score that expenditure as capital, are now telling us that we have to score it as resource.

But none of the resource elements has increased; in fact, the table shows that they have all fallen. That worries me.

Richard Dennis:

Perhaps the table is not presented in the most helpful fashion. The capital and resource banners at the top of table 1.8 show how things score in our accounts. The first four columns show items that score as capital in the Treasury's books; the item in the fifth column, PPP, does not score as capital. However, the rest of the budget—the other £23 billion—scores as resource in the Treasury's books. As a result, some items of transport spending have moved from the first four columns in table 1.8 out to the bit that is not shown in the table. I apologise if our presentation of the table is not quite right. Perhaps I will get together with Arthur Midwinter and the clerks to find out how we can present the figures more clearly.

Ms Alexander:

But moving those figures into the resource budget means that that money is not capital investment. We are still left with the significant issue of capital spend being down in each of the first four columns of table 1.8 and the largest spend—direct capital spend—being down by about 15 per cent over the year. Given the committee's interest in getting the balance of capital spend right in this spending review—after all, we all know that spending will be tighter in years to come—I am just not convinced that this is a matter of presentation. It might be helpful if the minister could comment directly on why the spend is slipping. Is it simply slippage in the delivery of projects that are still planned, or are substantive policy decisions being made about projects that will not go ahead?

That is probably the single most important matter for the minister to have a chance to comment on, although, God knows, it is the one on which the poor minister cannot be expected to write his own comments. However, relative to the issues that jump out from the statement, a 15 per cent fall over the year in direct capital spend in all four columns is probably the matter in which the committee has the greatest interest. I will leave it at that.

I suspect that one relevant issue is land acquisition in relation to future transport projects. One transport project might be distorting the facts.

Mr McCabe:

I suspect that the case is the former rather than the latter, but I will consider the matter and I will perhaps write to the committee with a more detailed explanation. The question is important, because it is in the Executive's interest to have that capital balance right, for the reasons that have just been outlined.

Mr Arbuckle:

Page 15 of the spring budget revision deals with rural development and shows that cash has come out of spending on the organic aid scheme and the farm business development scheme. Both those schemes were intended to make agriculture more diverse, so we seem to be travelling a little in reverse. I notice in particular that the 2004-05 organic aid budget is less than was spent in 2003-04. The policy is to develop organic schemes, but it does not seem to have been taken up.

Richard Dennis:

That is just an estimate of the reduction in demand for those schemes.

Jim Mather:

I return to the capital spending and net investment table. I understand that, in effect, PPP converts a capital commitment to a revenue cost. Does the inclusion of PPP in a table on capital give us a true and fair view? The asset value that is being acquired through the payments, which I presume are annual, could be considerably different. Do you have no plans to open that up and to give us a clearer view of the assets that payment of the material sum of £378 million puts at our disposal?

Richard Dennis:

Mr Mather is right. As the footnotes say, the numbers that are given in the last column of table 1.8 are estimated payments under PPP contracts. They do not represent the direct capital equivalent, but we provide the capital equivalent in table 0.06 of the draft budget 2004-05, which the clerks might want to send to the member.

The issue is presentational. As a revenue item, it does not belong in the table.

We made a request about that.

Professor Arthur Midwinter (Adviser):

The inclusion of PPP was the result of a request from the committee. The intention was to have a clear picture overall of how much was being spent on capital according to our definition of capital, which creates an asset, rather than the Treasury definition.

We will have to blame Mr Ewing for that.

So you are employing the absentee rule.

The request even predates Mr Ewing.

As we are talking about Mr Ewing, perhaps I should ask Iain Leitch and Derek Croll what the Presiding Officer's letter means in cash terms.

Derek Croll (Scottish Parliament Directorate of Resources and Governance):

It means absolutely nothing. The situation has no cash effect.

Members have no more technical questions.

Motion moved,

That the Finance Committee recommends that the draft Budget (Scotland) Act 2004 Amendment Order 2005 be approved.—[Mr Tom McCabe.]

Motion agreed to.

We are now required to report to Parliament. As such reports are usually very brief, I propose that we seek to agree the text of our report by e-mail correspondence. Are members content with that suggestion?

Members indicated agreement.

I thank the minister and his officials for coming along.

Meeting suspended.

On resuming—