Chamber and committees

Supporting families through access to high quality, affordable and accessible childcare is critical to the First Minister’s mission of eradicating child poverty. That is why, since 2021, the Scottish Government has prioritised investment of £1 billion per year in funded Early Learning and Childcare (ELC) for all 3- and 4-year-olds, 5-year-olds whose entry to primary school has been deferred, and those 2-year-olds who need it most.

The Scottish Government looks at a range of evidence when it comes to assessing the impact of childcare costs on families. We are evaluating the contribution of the expansion of funded ELC to 1140 hours per year on outcomes for children, parents and families, which will include consideration of the impact of funded ELC on women’s employment. The data we are collecting will allow disaggregation by a range of parent, child and household characteristics. We have focused primarily on gathering data in relation to the Best Start Bright Futures priority families, as well as on gender, age, area deprivation and household income. Our Interim Evaluation Report, published in August 2024, found that uptake of the expanded hours is high, and there are promising signs that the expansion is delivering improvements in quality, flexibility, accessibility and affordability. Our full evaluation report will be published later this year. In the interim, the 2022 Parent Survey found that 74% of parents using funded ELC said it had enabled them to work or look for work, and 63% of families with a child aged two to five and not yet at school stated said that they had no childcare costs, an increase from 50% in 2018.

Turning to the second point on fertility rates, we know that Scotland is not alone in experiencing falling birth rates. This is a trend being experienced across many high-income countries and which has significant implications for the sustainability of our economies, communities and public services. While deciding to have a child or not is a personal decision, we are identifying and addressing barriers to people starting or expanding their families through the delivery of Scotland’s Population Strategy.

Our 2022 ‘Attitudes to Family Formation’ research highlighted that a range of key factors such as housing, childcare costs and wider economic pressures drive decisions around family formation in Scotland. In mid-2023, the Ministerial Population Taskforce requested that further research be undertaken to increase the Scottish Government’s awareness of family friendly policies which had been developed and implemented in different countries, including interventions implemented in Nordic countries. The next steps for this workstream will include further research into parental leave uptake and its impact on fertility decisions. Outputs from this work will be considered accordingly by Scottish Ministers.

At a national level, the Scottish Government funds the National e-Learning Offer (NeLO) to provide a range of resources to support learning across the curriculum. This includes the piloting of the i-Sgoil service to provide online support for young people who have disengaged from their school learning.

The Scottish Government has confirmed funding for e-Sgoil for the 2025-26 financial year, which includes confirmation that support for the i-Sgoil service is considered a priority and enables the service to continue.

Decisions around eligibility and waiting lists for i-Sgoil are a matter for e-Sgoil who deliver the service. The Scottish Government does not hold information on the current waiting times.

While the i-Sgoil service clearly supports education authorities in the fulfilment of their statutory functions in relation to delivery of education and support for learning, it cannot fully replace localised arrangements.

The Scottish Government is committed to working together with local authorities and other partners to implement a range of support for local authorities and schools to support them to respond to issues related to school attendance and absence.

The Scottish Government has provided funding for implementation and ongoing delivery of placental growth factor- (PLGF-) based testing and we have confirmed that this will be allocated to NHS Boards on a recurring basis to ensure that all women who require access to the test during pregnancy in Scotland are able to do so.

NHS Grampian has confirmed that it is taking forward the necessary work to procure a suitable testing platform and equipment. Officials continue to engage with NHS Grampian to ensure that implementation remains on track for July 2025.

As set out in the answer to question S6W-37425, which was answered on 2 May 2025, due to the short amount of time left in this parliamentary session, there is insufficient time for a Misogyny Bill to be finalised and introduced. Therefore, the Scottish Government has decided not to proceed with this Bill in this parliamentary session.

However, in order to allow for the protected characteristic of ‘sex’ to be added to the Hate Crime and Public Order (Scotland) Act 2021 so that women and girls have the same protections as other groups protected by that Act, we will lay before the Scottish Parliament in September a proposed draft of an SSI under the powers within the Act. This will allow for views to be offered on the approach taken before a finalised SSI is then subsequently laid which will, if agreed, result in new protections for women and girls being introduced.

All answers to written Parliamentary Questions are available on the Parliament’s website, the search facility for which can be found at https://www.parliament.scot/chamber-and-committees/written-questions-and-answers

The Care Inspectorate does not hold data on unmet demand for childcare.

The Care Inspectorate publishes a detailed list of registered services every month. The latest version can be found here: https://www.careinspectorate.com/index.php/publications-statistics/93-public/datastore.

This includes all services providing a day care of children or childminding service and includes details of the registered places in those services.

The Care Inspectorate publishes a statistical report about early learning and childcare every year. This includes summaries of numbers of registered services, places in those services, children registered. The latest publication can be found here:

https://www.careinspectorate.com/images/documents/7759/2023%20Early%20learning%20and%20Childcare%20Statistics.pdf

The report on women and girls’ safety on public transport recommends measures to enhance security and comfort. These include better lighting, surveillance, greater staff presence, clear reporting, use of technology, public awareness campaigns and stricter enforcement of safety policies. These recommendations align to work underway by the transport industry and Transport Scotland. Therefore not all have specific commencement dates, but build on already established activities.

To share good practice and improve awareness, in May 2024 Transport Scotland published research around the use of personal safety apps in public spaces. In November 2024, Transport Scotland launched a dedicated webpage which provides links to the Transport Scotland’s research and engagement, as well as how violence against women and girls is being tackled by the Scottish Government.

Transport Scotland continues to work with the Confederation of Passenger Transport (CPT) to support sharing of best practice amongst bus operators including on data, education and driver training, and last met in January 2025. In addition, Transport Scotland are developing actions to tackle antisocial behaviour on the bus network, which includes the development of a behaviour code for those using the National Concessionary Travel Schemes and a process for temporary suspension or withdrawal of concessionary travel entitlement.

On the rail network, ScotRail, Network Rail and British Transport Police are working together with stakeholders to deliver a activities to reduce anti-social behaviours. British Transport Police’s (BTP) “Text 61016” service allows all passengers to discreetly report any incidents they witness on trains or at stations directly to BTP. ScotRail are reviewing their existing processes for responding to customer reports of anti-social and unacceptable behaviour, and in February 2025 further expanded their “Travel Safe Team”. To further improve joint working and reporting, BTP have established a Strategic Safer Transport Group which ensures partnership working between organisations to create a safer transport network across Scotland.

Regarding staff presence, ScotRail must have a member of staff other than drivers on all train services and they are reviewing changes to ticket office opening hours to allow more staff to be present at train stations. ScotRail have piloted conflict management training for front-line staff with a view to rolling this out further. Transport Scotland’s SQUIRe team inspect trains and all stations in Scotland in a four week period, ensuring that aspects such as CCTV, station help points and lighting are all working appropriately.

The Scottish Government’s seventh Medium-Term Financial Strategy (MTFS) will be published week commencing 23 June 2025, alongside a Fiscal Sustainability Delivery Plan.

Publishing in June will allow the MTFS to reflect the outcome of the UK Spending Review on 11 June, enabling the Scottish Government to publish a more robust central funding forecast as the basis for its financial strategy and delivery plan.

The MTFS will provide the Scottish Government’s medium-term (five-year) economic and fiscal outlook and spending projections. It is underpinned by the Scottish Fiscal Commission’s forecasts and provides the context for annual Scottish budgets.

The MTFS will also set out the Government’s strategic approach to setting the public finances on a sustainable pathway over the medium-term.

The Scottish Government is taking this issue seriously. As well as regular meetings with the Medicines Healthcare and products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), the Chief Pharmaceutical Officer (CPO) has met with Police Scotland and Healthcare Improvement Scotland and plans to issue communications for healthcare professionals in Scotland on how to report known or suspected illicit prescribing of these medicines.

The CPO has also met with the Advertising Standards Agency to discuss their work in tackling adverts for weight-loss prescription-only medicines targeting members of the public.

The Infrastructure Investment Plan (IIP) was published in 2021 and was intended to cover the period 2021-22 - 2025-26. However, as announced in the Scottish Government’s Medium Term Financial Strategy, the current IIP has been extended by a period of one year. This means the IIP will run to 2026-27 and the next IIP will cover the period from 2027-28. We intend to publish a draft for consultation well in advance of commencement.