To ask the Scottish Executive what (a) criteria require to be met and (b) assessment is made to achieve candidate status for UNESCO World Heritage Site status.
To be nominated for World Heritage Site status a site must be on the UK''s Tentative List. The current List was published in 1999 and it is due to be reviewed as part of a wider review of World Heritage in the UK. The Department of Culture, Media and Sport and the Devolved Administrations will shortly be consulting on the issues raised and on the need for a new Tentative List and the process and criteria for inclusion on it.
Under the Operational Guidelines for the implementation of the World Heritage Convention issued by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee a World Heritage Site must be of outstanding universal value. This is assessed against 10 criteria:
(i) represent a masterpiece of human creative genius;
(ii) exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town planning or landscape design;
(iii) bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared;
(iv) be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history;
(v) be an outstanding example of traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change;
(vi) be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria);
(vii) contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance;
(viii) be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth''s history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features;
(ix) be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals, and
(x) contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.
All sites must meet at least one of these criteria. Cultural Sites must also show authenticity and all sites must demonstrate integrity. The authenticity of a site should be assessed against the Nara document adopted by the World Heritage Committee in 1994. The Operational Guidelines state that Integrity is a measure of the wholeness and intactness of the natural and/or cultural heritage and its attributes. A nominated property is assessed on the extent to which it:
(a) includes all elements necessary to express its outstanding universal value;
(b) is of adequate size to ensure the complete representation of the features and processes which convey the property''s significance, and
(c) suffers from adverse effects of development and/or neglect.