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Chamber and committees

Local Government and Communities Committee

Meeting date: Wednesday, June 23, 2010


Contents


Subordinate Legislation


Town and Country Planning (Fees for Applications and Deemed Applications) (Scotland) Amendment (No 2) Regulations 2010 (Draft)

The Convener

Item 3 is consideration of subordinate legislation. The committee will take oral evidence from the Minister for Transport, Infrastructure and Climate Change and officials. I welcome the new witnesses joining the minister—Sam Anwar, team leader, and David Reekie, policy officer, from the Scottish Government’s planning, legislation and performance team—and invite the minister to make some opening remarks.

Stewart Stevenson

As the committee will be aware, in April planning fees increased for the first time since 2007. Fee levels continue to be modest and represent a very small proportion of a developer’s overall costs.

These regulations correct minor errors in previous regulations that in some cases have resulted in fees falling short of the actual cost of processing applications. Their correction will restore the position of ensuring that those who benefit from planning applications should contribute appropriately to the costs of determining them. The proposed regulations also remove obsolete references to fees associated with deemed applications, simply because there are no longer any situations in which such an application would be made.

Although, as I have said, fees remain a small proportion of overall development costs, the Scottish Government is currently taking forward a workstream on the wider resourcing of planning that will consider alternative funding models for planning with the purpose of making the fees structure more proportionate in the longer term and, of course, delivering an effective planning service.

I welcome the opportunity to answer the committee’s questions.

The Convener

And I invite the committee to ask them.

David McLetchie

I was slightly intrigued by the reference to “errors” in the minister’s opening comments. From a cursory glance over the explanatory notes to these regulations, I see references to “redundant” provisions in previous regulations that need to be tidied up—which is, of course, entirely appropriate, given the march of legislation—but no mention of any “errors”. Will the minister clarify his interesting—and indeed refreshing—comment?

Stewart Stevenson

It is always better to fess up before errors are spotted.

David McLetchie

I would not have spotted them if you had not admitted to them.

Stewart Stevenson

The first error can be found in the table setting out fees for planning applications for erecting buildings other than those for residential or agricultural use. The fee depends on the area of gross floor space, in respect of which there are three categories: up to 40 square metres; 40 to 75 square metres; and over 75 square metres. The current regulations correctly state that the fee for development of floor space up to 40 square metres is £160; however, they stipulate the same amount for the 40 to 75 square metres category. That is an error—the fee should be £319.

The second error can be found in the table setting out the fees for applications to erect buildings on agricultural land, which states:

“where the application is for planning permission”

the fee is

“£319 per 0.1 of a hectare of the site area subject to a maximum of £7,975”.

However, the phrase “in principle” has been omitted after “planning permission”. The first error is a technical one; the second is a matter of substance in financial terms.

David McLetchie

How long have these errors existed?

Stewart Stevenson

Since we introduced the previous regulations in April.

David McLetchie

So we are talking about only a few months.

Stewart Stevenson

Yes. As soon as we became aware of the errors, we sought to correct them. I suspect that this is as early as we could have done it.

David McLetchie

And by and large they have made no material difference to the revenues flowing into planning authorities from such applications.

Stewart Stevenson

I suspect that no planning authority was aware of the errors until we identified them, but I could be proved wrong.

The Convener

Can you tell us a bit more about the wider workstream that you mentioned in your opening remarks?

Stewart Stevenson

We have had over an extended period a number of discussions with COSLA and local authorities about planning fees for larger applications, in particular, in response to indications from the development industry that it would like fees to be higher. Although that might seem unusual, the industry has taken that position because it wants processing agreements to define the period in which the application will be dealt with. The approach is different and we are continuing to have discussions about it.

As the old saying goes, time is money, and that is fundamentally true for developers. If, by paying higher fees and, in effect, buying an additional service, they could know for certain the period within which a planning application would be processed—which would in any case be a matter for agreement between the planning authority and the developer—developers would be entirely content to pay them. However, if the service was not delivered on the agreed timescale through no act of omission or commission by the developer, it would be inappropriate to charge such a fee. Those discussions are continuing. A number of councils are interested in the proposal, which represents a change in approach, but it is taking some time to work out how to implement it. That is, of course, if we proceed with it.

Patricia Ferguson

Does the minister plan to come back to tell the committee about any changes that might result from those discussions?

Stewart Stevenson

Such changes cannot be dealt with solely at the minister’s hand; they require secondary legislation. In any case, we are still some distance off and, as I say, discussions are continuing.

That said, the proposal is part of our attempt to modernise the system. It is important to reassure members that it would in no sense change the outcome of the planning process, but it would be a way of providing extra resources to planning departments to support larger developments. I suspect that if we get the approach right, it is likely to be widely welcomed, albeit that it will create a challenge for planning departments’ existing processes.

Patricia Ferguson

I am grateful for that confirmation. Although I perfectly understand the logic behind the suggestion, I see problems arising, not least with regard to people’s perception of the planning process. In my experience, that perception is one of the major problems and obstacles that have to be overcome and I imagine that it will be difficult to persuade people in a community in which a big development has been proposed that the developer is not buying additional services that might be detrimental to their attempts to set out their own case.

Stewart Stevenson

I acknowledge the validity of the member’s point, which, of course, forms part of our thinking on the matter. As I say, we are certainly not in a position to say that the proposal will be brought forward.

The Convener

As members have no further questions, I invite the minister to formally move the motion.

Motion moved,

That the Local Government and Communities Committee recommends that the draft Town and Country Planning (Fees for Applications and Deemed Applications) (Scotland) Amendment (No. 2) Regulations 2010 be approved.—[Stewart Stevenson.]

Motion agreed to.

The Convener

I thank the minister and his officials for their attendance and the evidence that they have provided and suspend the meeting for a changeover of witnesses.

10:53 Meeting suspended.

10:57 On resuming—


Applications by Creditors (Pre-Action Requirements) (Scotland) Order 2010 (Draft)


Home Owner and Debtor Protection (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Provisions) Order 2010 (Draft)

The Convener

Item 5 is consideration of subordinate legislation under the affirmative procedure. The Minister for Housing and Communities, Alex Neil, agreed to provide oral evidence to the committee on both orders. I welcome him and his officials, who are Stephen Sandham, team leader; Stephanie Prowse, solicitor; and Colin Brown, senior principal legal officer. Does the minister wish to make any introductory remarks? Of course he does.

The Minister for Housing and Communities (Alex Neil)

Thank you, convener. Perhaps we know each other too well.

As you know, the Home Owner and Debtor Protection (Scotland) Act 2010 received royal assent on 18 March. We are preparing for commencement on 30 September 2010. The act requires all lenders to show in court that they have considered reasonable alternatives to repossession before they make an application for repossession. That will minimise the number of people who are faced with the misery of homelessness. The Applications by Creditors (Pre-Action Requirements) (Scotland) Order 2010 makes further provision for the pre-action requirements, which are outlined in the act, that creditors must meet before making any application to repossess a residential property. For example, article 2 of the order specifies in more detail what is required to meet the requirement to provide clear information to debtors on the default. Similarly, article 3 specifies in more detail the requirement to make reasonable efforts to come to an agreement with the debtor on how the sums that are due are to be repaid.

The act indicates that lenders must not make an application for possession where the debtor is taking steps that are likely to result in repayment within a reasonable time. Article 4 specifies what those steps by the debtor are—for example, seeking help through a Government mortgage support scheme or seeking actively to sell the house. Similarly, article 5 expands on the requirement on lenders in the act to provide debtors with information on where they can get suitable advice and assistance. The order is the result of extensive consultation with lenders and the advice sector and balances the interests of creditors and debtors.

The Home Owner and Debtor Protection (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Provisions) Order 2010 is required to update the forms of notice that a lender must issue when considering or initiating court action for repossession.

The forms have been amended to make clear to those who face repossession the protection that is available as a result of the 2010 act. For example, they explain that an application for repossession may be challenged if the lender has not complied with the new pre-action requirements. They also advise debtors that they may voluntarily surrender their property but that they should be aware of the full consequences of doing so before they proceed.

The order amends the forms to provide clearer encouragement to anyone facing repossession to seek advice from a solicitor, citizens advice bureau, other agency or lay representative about the rights that they now have under the 2010 act and to consider whether they are eligible for legal aid.

I commend both orders to the committee and am happy to answer any queries that the committee may have about them.

11:00

The Convener

For ease of questioning, we will split the orders up. I ask for questions on pre-action requirements and then will take a second round on the consequential provisions.

Bob Doris

I am delighted that both orders are before us today. However, I note that article 2(3) of the pre-action requirements order specifically excludes from the information to be provided on the default any costs that could be charged to home owners under the standard conditions of their mortgage.

You might remember that I was keen to amend the bill at stage 2 to ensure that creditors who were pursuing the debts of home owners and did not fulfil their pre-action requirements could not recover court costs should they fail to repossess. Under article 2(3), it would be possible for court costs to be passed on to the home owner irrespective of whether the repossession was successful, but the article seems specifically to preclude the lender specifying what those additional court costs may be. Would it be possible for ministerial guidance to make it clear that it would be desirable that any additional court costs that the home owner may incur at a later date be put to them up front, as they have to make an informed decision about what is best for them given the financial outlay that they may face should the repossession go to court?

Alex Neil

Although the pre-action requirements do not require lenders to provide information on the amount of legal charges, they require lenders to inform borrowers at the outset of the default that such charges may be recovered from them under the security. We recognise that estimating the amount of legal charges before raising an action would be impossible, so requiring that information to be included would impose an unfair additional burden on creditors and would not give debtors a true estimate of the charges.

We have been in detailed consultation with the lenders and the advice agencies, including Shelter, on how to handle the matter in guidance. We will issue detailed guidance to ensure that, as far as possible, there is an indication of costs but, of course, the total costs will not be known until the procedure has been completed.

Bob Doris

Does that mean that, in future, when the lender writes to the home owner, based on guidance, the letter will clearly state that the home owner may also be liable for legal fees in relation to the lender’s court costs should they decide to contest the action?

Alex Neil

Absolutely.

David McLetchie

The cost benefit analysis for the order reiterates a point about the Scottish Government’s inability to get data about the level of repossessions in Scotland, which was one of the issues that we identified and debated when the bill was going through the Parliament. I ask for your advice on the statement that

“neither the CML, FSA or the UK Government have responded positively to requests from the Scottish Government to share data on the actual level of repossessions occurring in Scotland.”

Is that a statement on the historical situation predating the election of the new UK Government, or is it a statement on the current position? Have you asked the new UK Government to facilitate the provision of that information?

Alex Neil

As you probably know, Scottish Government ministers, including me, are holding a series of meetings with various ministers in the new coalition UK Government. One of the issues that I am putting on the agenda for my next meeting with Grant Shapps and others—although the date has not yet been fixed—is our requirement for information on the number of repossessions in Scotland to be made available to the Scottish Government. We will probably have to get that information through the formal regulatory agencies rather than through the Council of Mortgage Lenders. We have tried the CML many times—as did the previous Administrations—and we have got nowhere. The CML’s view seems to be that it is a job for the Financial Services Authority rather than for itself to do voluntarily and that, because some mortgage lenders are not members of the CML, in order to get the total picture it would be better for the data to be collected by the regulatory agencies. In the forthcoming meetings that we are arranging with UK ministers, it will be on our agenda to persuade them that the regulatory agencies—under the new regime that was announced by the chancellor last week, I think that it will be the Bank of England rather than the FSA—should give us that information. We will make appropriate representations that the information should be made available.

As you know, the argument against that is that an indirect consequence could be the disclosure of how many mortgages individual companies have. However, I do not see how a global figure for the number of repossessions could disclose any commercially confidential information. I have never accepted the CML’s argument on that and we will continue to pursue the matter. The one silver lining is that, since we passed the 2010 act, on the basis of the UK figures we assume that the Scottish figures are substantially below the forecast peak. That is welcome news. Nevertheless, it would be a very useful tool for the Scottish Government if we knew exactly how many repossessions take place in Scotland. Apart from anything else, that would enable us to plan our budget for the home owner support fund better and to estimate more accurately how much money we need to earmark to help those who get into difficulty.

David McLetchie

In essence, your statement on the position of the UK Government describes an historical position and you are pursuing the matter with the new Government.

Alex Neil

Absolutely.

David McLetchie

I hope that, when you meet Mr Shapps, you will convey to him the support of parties across the Scottish Parliament for the provision of such information to the Scottish Government.

Repossession and homelessness are another aspect that is covered in your cost benefit note. What is your estimate of the number of instances in which a decree of repossession leads to homelessness?

Alex Neil

I hand over to my legal advisers on that.

Stephanie Prowse (Scottish Government Legal Directorate)

I cannot say that I have figures on that. Stephen Sandham might.

Stephen Sandham (Scottish Government Housing and Regeneration Directorate)

The bottom line is that we do not have any hard data on that. We get some data through our homelessness monitoring returns, which we could provide to the committee, but I do not have that information to hand. I seem to remember that, when the mortgage to rent scheme was being analysed and reviewed, it was suggested that repossessions account for about 8 per cent of all homelessness applications, but I would have to check that figure. I would be happy to provide the details to the committee.

David McLetchie

Given such a modest percentage, does the accompanying analysis perhaps overegg the pudding when, under the heading “Costs and benefits”, it talks about savings? The paper states:

“Research by Heriot Watt university from 2007 indicated that the average cost of sustaining a household made homeless in temporary accommodation was £5,300 per year.”

No doubt that figure is correct, but in the next paragraph that figure is conjoined with the number of decrees for repossession, of which 6,000-odd were granted in 2009. By conjoining those two figures, the paper suggests—to the person giving it a superficial glance—that the cost is somewhere in the order of £30 million. However, given that the answer to the previous question revealed that the percentage involved is tiny, the costs must equally be tiny. Is that not correct?

Stephen Sandham

I certainly thought that the wording was clear in stating that we are not in a position to give absolutely accurate information on the precise savings. That is why the wording suggests that we can look only at the total number of court actions for repossession. We do not know the number of court actions that actually result in a repossession because the granting of a decree of repossession does not necessarily result in a repossession, as sometimes the debtor then starts to comply or the lender continues to forebear. Even when the property is repossessed, the individual might have alternative accommodation arrangements so a formal homelessness application might not be lodged with the local authority. I felt that the information was as clear as it could be in stating that it is very difficult to provide an estimate of the total savings.

David McLetchie

I accept that, but if we know neither the number of repossessions nor the percentage of repossessions that lead to homelessness, throwing all those figures together in a couple of paragraphs results in two very big numbers being put together whereas the real number involved might be small. In addition, the difference that will be made by the change in the regulations, as opposed to what happens currently, will probably be even smaller still. Therefore, instead of those huge savings, we could in fact be talking about a tiny saving, but we do not know one way or the other. Is that not right?

Alex Neil

The lack of reliable, up-to-date information on the issue has always been a problem for us in trying to provide a proper estimate of the number of repossessions that result from court action and all of the other issues that Mr McLetchie has, very fairly, raised. It might be helpful if we supplied the committee with such information as we have, including the basis for the estimate that Stephen Sandham quoted. We are happy to put in the committee’s domain all the information that we have. We have tried to get a reasonable handle on the numbers, but it is very difficult—as I think the previous Administration also experienced—to get precise numbers or estimates.

David McLetchie

I agree with that, and I have some sympathy for the position that the minister is in. However, if we are to urge Her Majesty’s Government and the UK regulatory bodies to provide information on repossessions in Scotland—a point on which we all agree—we also need to follow that trail of information down the line. There is no point in getting just the top-line figure on repossessions if we remain totally in the dark about the extent to which those repossessions result in homelessness and all the costs that follow from that. Otherwise, we will achieve nothing. We need to follow the issue all the way down. Once we get past that top line, the Scottish Government must be able to acquire the information below that through the research that it commissions. Will the Scottish Government do that?

Alex Neil

What I want is a proper audit trail of what happens, but we cannot get that until we have the top number. Once we know the total number of repossessions, we will set in train the processes and procedures needed to provide an audit trail of what then happens, so that we have a far better handle on numbers, on destinations of people and on the cost to the public purse at each stage of the procedure.

David McLetchie

Good. Thank you very much.

Mary Mulligan

We have all acknowledged that we have had difficulties in obtaining the figures from central Government. Is one way of collecting the information to record the numbers that go through the court system and to examine the outcomes at that stage?

11:15

Alex Neil

We have discussed the matter with the courts administration. The problem is that the information that the courts collect does not give us all the answers that we look for. We need the additional information from the financial regulators, which have the totality of the information. To have the audit trail to which Mr McLetchie was right to refer, we need the courts administration’s information, but we also need the financial regulators’ information.

Mary Mulligan

I understand why we want the headline figure but, underneath that, the court figures would provide us with information on those who become homeless when a decree is granted, to whom Mr McLetchie referred. That could give more guidance on the provision that is needed to support those people. We need neither one aspect nor the other, but both. You have the power to get the court information, whereas we are clearly struggling to get the headline figure.

Stephen Sandham

The courts can identify and record the number of decrees that are granted to a lender, but their monitoring arrangements do not allow or require them to monitor how many of the decrees that are granted result in a repossession. Sometimes, lenders use decrees almost as a stick to cajole debtors into starting to comply. The courts would argue that requiring them to track that process further downstream would be an additional cost and burden on the court system.

However, section 11 notices provide an opportunity. Section 11 of the Homelessness etc (Scotland) Act 2003 requires lenders to inform local authorities whenever they initiate court action for repossession. Local authorities should know who ultimately ends up making homelessness applications. The statistics that will eventually come through section 11 notices will provide a framework for getting much closer to the number of repossessions and the number of homelessness applications that result. Section 11 notices were introduced on 1 April, so it is early days.

The Convener

I and other conveners attended a meeting with the Secretary of State for Scotland last week at which it was made clear that the respect agenda extends not just to the Scottish Government but to the Parliament’s committees. With the committee’s agreement, I hope that we will be able to assist the Minister for Housing and Communities in his work on several issues, such as child poverty, the exchange of data on repossessions and perhaps elections, by writing to the appropriate ministers and inviting them to committee meetings.

Do members have more questions? If not, we will move to the next item.

Bob Doris

Can I ask about the consequential provisions order?

The Convener

I am racing ahead and trying to get out of here too early. You are correct—we have a round of questions on the consequential provisions order.

Bob Doris

I have a brief question about the order. I have looked at the standard forms for notifying home owners, entitled residents and others about court action and potential repossession. The repossessions group hoped to put the forms in plain English as much as possible. I completely appreciate the legal requirement to ensure that the phraseology that is used in forms presents the legal position clearly, but a little bit of work might still need to be done to make the range of forms clearer.

It is probably the same when any form is designed: it has first to be piloted and test driven and then, through the experience of users, it can be revised at a later date if necessary. Having looked at the forms, minister, would you be minded to say that this time next year you will revise the forms to make them clearer? I am reminded of episodes of “Yes Minister” and “Yes, Prime Minister” when I read some of the forms and how they flow. They are confusing to me and I was involved in the passage of the bill, so there is perhaps still some work to do.

Alex Neil

We have agreed with stakeholders to carry out a plain English review of the forms at a later date when there is a legislative opportunity to do so. We have simplified the forms as much as possible and as much as the primary legislation allows us. Any further simplification in plain English terms will require amendments to the primary legislation.

We are happy to look at that—and we have given an undertaking to the stakeholders to do so—because it is important, particularly when people face repossession, that we make every aspect of dealing with the problem as easy as possible. The circumstances are harrowing enough for people, without their being faced with forms that use legalistic language that they cannot understand.

We have taken the issue as far as we can within the bounds of the current primary legislation. To simplify the language even more, which we are keen to do, will require additional primary legislation, and we are talking to our stakeholders about that.

Bob Doris

It is perhaps slightly remiss of me not to point out that the current forms are a step forward from the ones that were used previously in terms of gobbledegook and jargon. However, we should keep them under constant review and, if it requires primary legislation to amend them further, I would welcome it.

Alex Neil

Thank you.

The Convener

As there are no other questions, I invite the minister to move motion S3M-6588.

Motion moved,

That the Local Government and Communities Committee recommends that the draft Applications by Creditors (Pre-Action Requirements) (Scotland) Order 2010 be approved.—[Alex Neil.]

Motion agreed to.

The Convener

I invite the minister to move motion S3M-6589.

Motion moved,

That the Local Government and Communities Committee recommends that the draft Home Owner and Debtor Protection (Scotland) Act 2010 (Consequential Provisions) Order 2010 be approved.—[Alex Neil.]

Motion agreed to.

The Convener

I thank the minister and his officials for their attendance this morning.


Local Government Pension Scheme (Management and Investment of Funds) (Scotland) Regulations 2010 (SSI 2010/233)


Local Government Pension Scheme Amendment (Scotland) Regulations 2010 (SSI 2010/234)

The Convener

The next item is consideration of two negative Scottish statutory instruments. No comments have been received from members on either instrument, and no motions to annul have been lodged. Do members agree that they do not wish to make any comment to the Parliament on either instrument?

Patricia Ferguson

I have one small query. It may be my reading of the regulations, but SSI 2010/233 gives authorities that administer pension funds the opportunity to borrow, which is expected to be used only on specific and rare occasions. It occurred to me in reading that instrument that I did not see where such authorities would have to comment on the fact that they had taken advantage of that power and borrowed.

That brings us to SSI 2010/234, under which the authority is required to produce an annual report. I could not see a specific requirement to report the use of the opportunity to borrow, but each report is to contain a number of comprehensive statements on how the authority accounts for its activities in the previous period. I wonder whether there is an opportunity to be clearer about that or whether it is presumed that any borrowing that is done will be accounted for in the annual report.

The Convener

Obviously, no comments were received before the meeting, and no one is here to answer that question, but we have time to find out.

We have time to write for clarification and to bring officials back in September. Do we want to agree that we will make no comment on that basis, or do we want to seek clarification in writing and to discuss the issue further in September? The question is whether we want to bring the regulations back, but I presume that we would not know whether we wanted to bring them back until we received the correspondence.

That is a reminder that, if we have such comments and questions, we should give the clerks an opportunity to invite officials along to the meeting.

Patricia Ferguson

My apologies for not raising the issue earlier, but it was only when I was rereading the regulations last night that the point jumped out at me.

The Convener

We have time to bring officials back in September. Do we agree to do that?

John Wilson (Central Scotland) (SNP)

I seek clarification. According to the papers that we have in front of us, SSI 2010/233 comes into force on 5 July. Do we have the luxury of time and waiting until September if any issue arises in response to those questions?

The Convener

We will try to seek clarification before that date, but we have 40 days. Is that right?

Susan Duffy (Clerk)

Yes. The committee has to report on the regulations in early September, so it has time.

The Convener

We understood that we would have time if such a situation arose, and we do.

Okay, we will seek clarification and circulate the response.