That the Parliament notes the study, led by Professor Jill Belch and colleagues from the University of Dundee’s School of Medicine, which, it understands, examined records from 2004 to 2017 and analysed nearly 35,000 admissions to Dundee’s Ninewells Hospital; understands that the study compared this data with nitric oxide levels from local air monitoring sites, revealing a correlation between elevated exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxide (NO), especially over a cumulative 14-day period, and increased hospital admissions for respiratory issues in children; acknowledges that Professor Belch emphasises that children are more susceptible to air pollution due to their developing lungs, with harmful effects that are potentially irreversible; considers that NO2 is a key pollutant, which inflames the lungs and leads to congestion and respiratory infections; notes that, importantly, the study found that children were affected at pollution levels that did not impact adults, underscoring their heightened vulnerability; welcomes the researchers’ reported suggestion that the expansion of Low Emission Zones (LEZs) could mitigate these effects, as LEZs aim to reduce NOx by encouraging the use of less-polluting vehicles; understands that, while acknowledging the associated costs for local authorities, Professor Belch stressed the clear health benefits for children, and that Dr Munro Stewart, co-author of the study, emphasised that enforcing air pollution regulations, including LEZs, could potentially reduce paediatric respiratory admissions by 40%; welcomes this study, as it believes it adds to a growing body of evidence linking air pollution, particularly NOx, to adverse health effects, especially in children, and considers that the findings support ongoing efforts to implement measures like LEZs to address and mitigate the impact of air pollution on public health, particularly among the younger population.